Applied Spectroscopy

von Hippel, Frank; Primack, Joel

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950193pmid: N/A

Among the first questions which occur to a scientist who has decided to concern himself with the potential dangers posed by a rapidly developing technology are: (1) How effective is the Federal Executive's enormous and often distinguished science-advisory establishment in helping bring about rational decision making for technology? and (2) how effective in comparison can individual or small groups of independent scientists be in affecting crucial decisions by taking the issues to the public? In a number of case studies we have found: (1) In cases where an Executive Agency has large political or bureaucratic interests at stake, unfavorable reports of science-advisory panels are often ignored, kept confidential, and even misrepresented to the public as supporting official policy; and (2) it has been established repeatedly that a small dedicated group of independent scientists can bring to public attention a policy which represents a major threat to the public health and welfare. If the danger is sufficiently clear, the issue is often taken up by politicians or made into a legal issue with a good chance for a modification of official policy being the result.

Evans, J. C.

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950021pmid: N/A

Strock, Lester W.

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950085pmid: N/A

Koch, H. William

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950094pmid: N/A

The concept of a discipline- and user-oriented information system founded on a strong publication program of quality, refereed primary journals is described. The emphasis on quality input gives the mechanism for controlling the information flood at the source, and the computerized secondary services naturally follow from, and are based on, this foundation. The advantages of such a system to primary journals in the areas of costs and dissemination are illustrated with reference to the publication and information programs of the American Institute of Physics.

Gall, M. J.; Hendra, P. J.; Watson, D. S.; Peacock, C. J.

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950076pmid: N/A

A description of a number of methods of recording laser–Raman spectra of polymers is given. In particular, methods of obtaining adequate depolarization ratios in turbid species and avoidance of fluorescence are stressed. Consideration is also given to anisotropic scattering in oriented specimens and the interpretation of the effects observed.

Sloane, Howard J.

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950157pmid: N/A

This paper in a tabulated summary format discusses the state-of-the-art of Raman spectroscopy for commercially available instrumentation. A comparison to infrared is made in terms of (I) instrumentation, (II) sample handling, and (III) applications. Although the two techniques yield similar and often complementary information, they are quite different from the point of view of instrumentation and sampling procedures. This leads to various advantages and disadvantages or limitations for each. These are discussed as well as the future outlook.

Rai, M. M.; Bist, H. D.; Khandelwal, D. P.

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950058pmid: N/A

The vapor phase ir spectrum of 1,4-difluorobenzene has been recorded on a Perkin–Elmer 521 spectrophotometer equipped with a 10 m variable path multiple reflection cell. The band contours have been critically studied and the PR separations of typical A-, B-, and C-type bands are reported along with the relative intensity of Q branch with respect to that of the whole band for a few typical A- and C-type contours. The observed values are compared with those computed from rotational constants using the existing semiempirical theory.

Nyquist, R. A.; Muelder, W. W.

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950201pmid: N/A

Pertinent spectral features of 0,0-dimethyl 0-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)phosphorothioate have been assigned on the basis of comparison with the vibrational spectra of the 0,0-dimethyl-d6 analog, the P = O analog, the 0,0-dimethyl-d6 P = O analog, and by comparison with vibrational assignments for 0,0-dimethyl phosphorochloridothioate, 0,0-dimethyl-d6 phosphorochloridothioate, and 1-fluoro-2,4,5-trichlorobenzene.

Yamanashi, Bill S.; Hercules, David M.

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950247pmid: N/A

9, 10-Anthraquiuone (AQ) in an inert aliphatic solvent emits luminescence at room temperature. The emission consists of (1) solution phosphorescence and (2) delayed thermal fluorescence (DTF). We found that similar emission is observed for some AQ and naphthoquinone (NQ) derivatives. The singlet–triplet separation, ΔE1,3, was determined from the DTF–phosphorescence separation.

Yamanashi, Bill S.; Mazza, Carl; Bowers, Kerry W.

doi: 10.1366/000370271779950049pmid: N/A

ΔM8 = ±2 transitions of benzophenone, p-hydroxybenzophenone, p-methyl-benzophenone, p-aminobenzophenone, benzyl, xanthane-9-one, fluorene-9-one, and thio-xanthane-9-one in EPA glass at 77 K were observed with a fast-scan flash-synchronized X-band ESR spectrometer. Instrumentation which may be useful in the observation of ΔM8 = ±2 transitions in similar short-lived S≠O molecules is discussed.