Biomedical Engineering

Klotchenko, S. A.; Bayanga, J.-M.; Plotnikova, M. A.; Sakantsev, A. A.; Vasin, A. V.; Gotlib, V. A.; Elokhin, V. A.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09962-wpmid: N/A

A technology for creating a Russian-made instrument platform for clinical laboratory diagnosis using biochips is described. The device is a fluorescence analyzer for recording images of fluorescent biochips at excitation wave-lengths of 520 and 633 nm and determination of the fluorescence intensities in the resulting images.

Vinnikov, P. S.; Ustinov, V. D.; Shtanko, A. E.; Lugovtsov, A. E.; Kalenkov, G. S.; Karpilova, M. A.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09963-9pmid: N/A

A LED-based optical detection circuit and a principle of analysis of diffraction patterns of wet blood smears are proposed. A compact computerized optical device based on the principles of ektacytometry (diffractometry) has been designed to measure the width of the size distribution of red blood cells.

Potlov, A. Yu.; Frolov, S. V.; Proskurin, S. G.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09964-8pmid: N/A

A new method for reducing the general level of speckle noise in optical coherence tomography (OCT) structural images is described. The suggested approach is based on a combination of multilevel multipurpose filtering and cyclical morphological processing of interference signals. It involves repeatedly applied morphological erosion of speckle patterns and morphological dilation of the remaining parts of the structural OCT image. The suggested approach can be used in optical coherence elastography to determine control points in structural OCT images before and after the deforming action.

Belik, D. V.; Dmitriev, N. A.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09965-7pmid: N/A

The article presents a biotechnical system for researching the cerebral cortex stimulation through receptor systems by exposure to sound and light of changing color. The system allows simultaneous exposure of both eyes, the difference in the frequencies of stimulation of the left and right eyes being close to brain wave frequencies. It also allows local stimulation of neural fields of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus with modulated magnetic fields. Tests showed that the developed system could be used for rehabilitation and restoration of both long-term and short-term memory in post-stroke patients.

Bessmeltsev, V. P.; Katasonov, D. N.; Sluev, V. A.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09966-6pmid: N/A

Solutions to the task of increasing the reliability and accuracy of information production using portable systems for monitoring the parameters of patients’ cardiovascular systems are discussed.

Bockeria, O. L.; Potlovsky, K. G.; Makarenko, V. N.; Le, T. G.; Shvartz, V. A.; Satyukova, A. S.; Biniashvili, M. B.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09967-5pmid: N/A

Non-invasive MRI examination of the left ventricular free wall in cardiovascular patients can provide diagnostic data for determining the required energy efficiency and the implantation site of a power source converting the mechanical oscillations of the cardiac wall into electrical energy for powering an epicardial pacemaker.

Pugachevskii, M. A.; Polyakov, A. G.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09968-4pmid: N/A

An improved method for parallel MRI reconstruction based on a modified GRAPPA technique is proposed. The method uses an extended linear mapping kernel and an optimized k-space configuration. The results of MRI reconstruction are compared to those obtained using other methods. Essential advantages of the proposed method at high values of the acceleration factor are demonstrated.

Kramm, M. N.; Kopylov, F. Yu.; Chomakhidze, P. Sh.; Strelkov, N. O.; Chernikov, A. I.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09969-3pmid: N/A

An approach to increasing the diagnostic accuracy of the ECG stress test for transient myocardial ischemia is considered. It is proposed to modify the decision rule by including an additional procedure for assessing the temporal dynamics of the equivalent cardiac generator in the ST-T segment. The results of evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis in a group of subjects are presented.

Usanov, D. A.; Skripal, An. V.; Brilenok, N. B.; Dobdin, S. Yu.; Averianov, A. P.; Bakhmetev, A. S.; Baatyrov, R. T.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09970-wpmid: N/A

The results of screening of the arterial system based on pulse waveform measurement by the oscillometric method are presented. Tests were performed in a group of students from the Saratov State National Research University. The muscle tone response to the occlusion of the brachial artery was studied to assess endothelial dysfunction. Of the 71 subjects examined, 65 subjects (92%) responded to the artery occlusion with an increase in the parameter P3 proportional to the second time derivative of the pulse waveform. Six subjects (8%) responded to the artery occlusion with a decrease in P3 indicative of endothelial dysfunction. The test results were confirmed using the duplex ultrasonography screening of the arteries of the upper limbs. The equipment used to implement the suggested diagnostic technique is described.

Belov, S. V.; Danyleiko, Yu. K.; Egorov, A. B.; Salyuk, V. A.; Shilin, L. G.; Shulutko, A. M.

doi: 10.1007/s10527-020-09971-9pmid: N/A

We present here the results of studies of laser-induced shockwave destruction of biological tissues obtained experimentally and by computation. In the experiments, microexplosion dynamics were studied by analysis of acoustic pulses induced by explosion of activated charcoal during laser heating of unbound water. The computational method was based on automodel solution of the Stefan problem using a quasilinear approximation. Good agreement was obtained between computation and experimental data for assessment of the main parameters of acoustic waves arising as a result of thermal explosion of microparticles. Morphological studies and clinical testing of the method provided the evidential aspect of the proposed description of the mechanism of shockwave actions.