Based on current literature there is no strong evidence to indicate that South Asians possess a greater genetic risk of type 2 diabetes than white Europeans.

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Predicting major outcomes in type 1 diabetes: a model development and validation study

Soedamah-Muthu, Sabita; Vergouwe, Yvonne; Costacou, Tina; Miller, Rachel; Zgibor, Janice; Chaturvedi, Nish; Snell-Bergeon, Janet; Maahs, David; Rewers, Marian; Forsblom, Carol; Harjutsalo, Valma; Groop, Per-Henrik; Fuller, John; Moons, Karel; Orchard, Trevor

2014 Diabetologia

doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3358-xpmid: 25186291

Our prognostic model, which uses easily accessible clinical features can discriminate between type 1 diabetes patients who have a good or a poor prognosis. Such a prognostic model may be helpful in clinical practice and for risk stratification in clinical trials.

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Higher dietary salt intake is associated with microalbuminuria, but not with retinopathy in individuals with type 1 diabetes: the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study

Engelen, Lian; Soedamah-Muthu, Sabita; Geleijnse, Johanna; Toeller, Monika; Chaturvedi, Nish; Fuller, John; Schalkwijk, Casper; Stehouwer, Coen

2014 Diabetologia

doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3367-9pmid: 25172228

In individuals with type 1 diabetes, higher dietary salt intake, as determined by 24 h urinary sodium excretion, may be positively associated with microalbuminuria, particularly in overweight individuals.

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Variants associated with type 2 diabetes identified by the transethnic meta-analysis study: assessment in American Indians and evidence for a new signal in LPP

Nair, Anup; Muller, Yunhua; McLean, Nellie; Abdussamad, Maryam; Piaggi, Paolo; Kobes, Sayuko; Weil, E.; Curtis, Jeffrey; Nelson, Robert; Knowler, William; Hanson, Robert; Baier, Leslie

2014 Diabetologia

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Non-neural tyrosine hydroxylase, via modulation of endocrine pancreatic precursors, is required for normal development of beta cells in the mouse pancreas

Vázquez, Patricia; Robles, Ana; Pablo, Flora; Hernández-Sánchez, Catalina

2014 Diabetologia

doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3341-6pmid: 25082160

A non-neural catecholaminergic pathway appears to modulate the pancreatic endocrine precursor and insulin producing cell neogenesis. This finding may have important implications for approaches seeking to promote the generation of beta cells to treat diabetes.

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Macrophage mTORC1 disruption reduces inflammation and insulin resistance in obese mice

Jiang, Hongfeng; Westerterp, Marit; Wang, Chunjiong; Zhu, Yi; Ai, Ding

2014 Diabetologia

doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3350-5pmid: 25120095

The disruption of mTORC1 signalling in macrophages protects mice against inflammation and insulin resistance potentially by inhibiting HFD- and palmitic acid-induced IRE1α/JNK/NFκB pathway activation.

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The coactivator PGC-1α regulates skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism independently of the nuclear receptor PPARβ/δ in sedentary mice fed a regular chow diet

Pérez-Schindler, Joaquín; Svensson, Kristoffer; Vargas-Fernández, Elyzabeth; Santos, Gesa; Wahli, Walter; Handschin, Christoph

2014 Diabetologia

doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3352-3pmid: 25116175

Collectively, these results indicate that PPARβ/δ is not an essential partner of PGC-1α in the control of skeletal muscle energy metabolism.

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Neurogenin 3 is important but not essential for pancreatic islet development in humans

Rubio-Cabezas, Oscar; Codner, Ethel; Flanagan, Sarah; Gómez, José; Ellard, Sian; Hattersley, Andrew

2014 Diabetologia

doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3349-ypmid: 25120094

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doi:

10.1007/s00125-014-3351-4

pmid:

25112377

For two of the seven newly identified variants, there was nominal evidence for association with type 2 diabetes and related traits in American Indians. Identification of an independent variant at the LPP locus suggests the existence of more than one type 2 diabetes signal at this locus.