Digestion

doi: 10.1159/000197677pmid: N/A

Kocián, J.; Brodan, V.

doi: 10.1159/000197678pmid: 1183753

By comparison with controls the investigation of ⁴⁷Ca absorption and excretion kinetics after oral administration to patients with Billroth I gastrectomy (without milk intolerance) showed no differences in excretion of the isotope in urine and stool or in retention in the body. Patients with Billroth II gastrectomy had a higher degree of isotope excretion in stool and a lower retention of ⁴⁷Ca. The higher absorption curves of isotope in Billroth I patients suggest a more rapid rate of ⁴⁷Ca absorption without an actual change in transport capacity.

Boné, J.; Brandsborg, O.; Brandsborg, M.; Mikkelsen, K.; Eriksen, P.O.; Amdrup, E.

doi: 10.1159/000197679pmid: 1183754

No change was observed in fasting Heidenhain pouch (HP) acid secretion and fasting serum gastrin concentration following parietal cell vagotomy (PCV) in six dogs whereas significant increase in food-stimulated pouch secretion and serum gastrin concentration was observed. The increase in pouch secretion after PCV took place mainly in the first 2 h after meal. The maximum serum gastrin concentration was reached at 15 min after feeding before as well as after PCV. Maximum in HP secretion was reached later, at 120 min before and at 90 min after surgery. Gastric emptying studies, using a food-barium meal, showed a slight decrease in the emptying rate after PCV in two dogs, while it was unchanged in the others. Cineradiography showed an unaffected antral motility in all dogs after PCV.

Gerolami, A.; Crotte, C.; Reynier, M.O.; Mule, A.; Domingo, N.; Sarles, H.

doi: 10.1159/000197680pmid: 1237437

Diurnal variations of bile lipid concentration were studied in ten patients with a tube in the main bile duct following a cholecystectomy. 5–6 bile samples per 24 h were collected from each patient during 3–40 days. The enterohepatic cycle was not significantly modified since total bile samples did not exceed 40 ml/day. Significant diurnal variations were observed in cholesterol concentration. Changes in lecithin concentration seemed to be similar in seven patients but did not reach the level of significance in any individual patient. Maximal values were observed between 4 and 8 a.m. and minimal values at 4 p.m. Bile salt concentration varied without any circadian periodicity. Mean bile lipid concentration was calculated for each patient. The patients with highest cholesterol concentrations have also the highest mean lecithin concentration. Mean bile salt concentration does not differ much from one patient to another.

Seifert, J.; Pröls, H.; Messmer, K.; Bücklein, R.; Lob, G.; Mehnert, H.; Brendel, W.

doi: 10.1159/000197681pmid: 1183755

The uptake and distribution of glucose, galactose, fructose and inulin in dogs was investigated in the lymph of the thoracic duct and in different blood vessels after enteral and parenteral administration. Whereas inulin could be detected neither in the lymph nor in portal venous blood after enteral administration, all other sugars were found in different concentrations in blood and lymph. Although the concentration of different sugars in the lymph after enteral and parenteral application can be compared to that in serum, the amount of sugars transported via the lymphatics is so small that it can be neglected.

Goldberg, David M.; Martin, Jennifer V.

doi: 10.1159/000197682pmid: 241676

The enzyme Γ-glutamyl transpeptidase is widely distributed throughout the body, notably kidney, seminal vesicles, pancreas, liver, spleen and brain. Being one of the enzymes of the Γ-glutamyl cycle, it is involved in aminoacid transport, catalysing a transpeptidation reaction between Γ-glutamyl peptides and most common amino acids. Methods of assay of the enzyme are based on its ability also to act on synthetic amides of glutamic acid; kinetic methods monitoring the release of p-nitroaniline from the substrate L-Γ-glutamyl p-nitroanilide are the most satisfactory. In diseases of the liver, the highest levels occur in association with cirrhosis, alcoholism, hepatic secondaries and cholestasis. As the enzyme is present in the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocyte, its activity is increased in situations leading to microsomal enzyme induction. Raised levels can also occur in pancreatitis, diabetes, myocardial infarction, congestive cardiac failure, chronic renal failure, cerebrovascular accidents, cerebral tumours and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although the lack of specificity must be recognised, the estimation can be useful in the elucidation of some clearly defined problems arising during investigation of patients with suspected hepatic disease, especially where performed as part of a biochemical profile.

doi: 10.1159/000197683pmid: N/A

doi: 10.1159/000318031pmid: N/A

doi: 10.1159/000318036pmid: N/A

doi: 10.1159/000318033pmid: N/A