International Journal of Neuroscience

Rogers, Linda; Tenhouten, Warren; Kaplan, Charles D.; Gardiner, Martin

doi: 10.3109/00207457709150368pmid: 617618

Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings were obtained from electrode placements over the left and right frontal and parietal lobes of the brain in sixteen Hopi Indian children listening to tape recorded children's stories in the Hopi and English languages.Spectral analysis of the EEG data revealed that, for the parietal leads, alpha desynchronization was relatively greater over the right hemisphere for listening to Hopi than for listening to English, which indicates a greater right hemisphere participation in the processing of the Hopi speech.The results of the experiment are directionally consistent with our hypothesis, and imply that linguistic relativity may exist on a neurolinguistic level, such that languages can differ in the relative degree to which they serve as instruments of thought in a propositional, left hemisphere mode, or in an appositional, right hemisphere mode.

Leisman, Gerald; Schwartz, Joddy

doi: 10.3109/00207457709150369pmid: 617622

This paper discusses the dichotomy between continually moving eyes and the lack of blurred visual experience. A discontinuous model of visual perception is proposed, with the discontinuities being phase and temporally related to saccadic eye movements. It is further proposed that deviant duration and angular velocity characteristics of saccades in patients with hypertonic motor impairment relate to information processing defects. Stabilized retinal image procedures, which control for the effects of eye movements, significantly increase the ability of these patients actively to recall information presented for periods of less than three sec. A model of the reading process is presented based on these findings that addresses itself to the specific components of and interactions between eye movement, information transmission and information processing.

Leisman, Gerald; Schwartz, Joddy

doi: 10.3109/00207457709150370pmid: 617619

The study is concerned with the distribution of directional control of eye movement in reading. With the paralysis of the right eye, progressive movements of the left eye were possible, but regressive movements were cancelled being observed as drift. Base-out prism placed over the nonparalyzed eye allowed for the re-establishment of regressive movements. The results were explained on the basis of a large retinal error marker having been established. With paralysis of one eye, base-out prisms can reduce that error.

Herzfeld, Gerald M.; Taub, Edward

doi: 10.3109/00207457709150371pmid: 617620

Five subjects were instructed to alter the temperature of the dominant hand (two increase, three decrease) with the aid of an augmented feedback display. On baseline days and on alternate training days, subjects were presented with slide projections and heard a tape-recorded sentence during every other intertrial interval during a 15-minute discrete trial period. On baseline days, the imagery and suggestions were neutral in nature; on training days they suggested thermal conditions appropriate to the subject's task. Subjects displayed a significantly larger temperature change in the instructed direction on suggestion than on nonsuggestion training days.

Lähdesmäki, P.; Sääskilahti, R.; Leppilampi, M.

doi: 10.3109/00207457709150372pmid: 32146

Isolated synaptosomes of calf brain cortex incorporated labelled amino acids into their mitochondrial, membranous and soluble proteins in an approximate ratio of 1:1:0.5. Synaptosomal protein synthesis was sensitive to ATP, noradrenaline, cycloheximide and puromycin, and together with mitochondrial protein synthesis, also to chloramphenicol, 2.4-dinitrophenol, KCN and hyperosmotic conditions. The absence of Na+ and K+ ions slightly inhibited both synaptosomal and mitochondrial protein synthesis. Using incorporated radioactivity as an indicator of synthesized proteins, the synaptosomal soluble proteins could be obtained in one large peak in gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and G-25, and in two components in disc electrophoresis on a 7% polyacrylamide gel. An approximate molecular weight was calculated for the synthesized proteins using known proteins as standards, giving 15000-35000 in the gel filtration eluant, and 27000 and 36000 in the disc electrophoresis bands.

Gudeman, Howard E.; Craine, James F.; Golden, Charles J.; McLaughlin, Dennis

doi: 10.3109/00207457709150373pmid: 617621

A number of studies during the past decade have described deficits associated with chronic alcoholism. Although several of these studies have used neuropsychological tests, no study has comprehensively surveyed all recognized neuropsychological skills in a single population. The present study compared 41 chronic alcoholics to 41 matched controls during a two-day battery of neuropsychological tests, including the Halstead-Reitan, Wechsler Memory Scale, and other major tests. It was hypothesized that tests reflecting right and anterior brain function would differentiate between the groups. A factor analysis of the tests which differentiated between the groups indicated five primary deficits in chronic alcoholism: spatial conceptual skills, associative conceptual skills, flexibility, spatial-motor integration, and serial integration. The last factor demonstrated a small but significant verbal loss in the alcoholics. The implications of these factors for understanding and treating chronic alcoholism were discussed.

doi: 10.3109/00207457709150374pmid: N/A

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