The Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837701pmid: N/A

Penman, H. L.

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837702pmid: N/A

Godson, W. L.

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837703pmid: N/A

A new diagram is proposed for the representation and analysis of the vertical distribution of ozone – the ozonagram with basic coordinates of ozone partial pressure and the logarithm of total pressure. It is shown that only this diagram satisfies a set of seven criteria devised to meet all dynamical, analytical and graphical requirements. Convenient symbols and units are also proposed for various ozone parameters.

Funk, J. P.

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837704pmid: N/A

Radiative flux divergence (div R) recordings at heights between 1 and 11 m have been carried out before and in the initial stages of radiation fog. Temperatures, temperature gradients, radiation ground temperature, net radiation, relative humidity and wind speed were also measured.

Jones, D. E.; Graystone, P.

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837705pmid: N/A

An investigation is made into the behaviour of the individual terms in the vertically averaged vorticity equation. It is shown that certain minor terms are biased in sign, and that their inclusion may lead to gross errors in a numerical forecast. The separate terms are also shown to increase in magnitude in the course of a numerical forecast but at differing rates.

Graystone, P.

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837706pmid: N/A

The effects of large‐scale topography and surface friction on short‐range numerical forecasts are investigated using a baroclinic two‐parameter prediction model, modified to include forced vertical velocities. Trial forecasts showed that the damping effect of surface friction is reproducible, but only moderate success was achieved in accounting for orographic influences.

Foldvik, A.

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837707pmid: N/A

Lee wavelengths and vertical velocities have been computed for twenty‐six airstreams where reliable observations of the wave motion behind mountain ridges are available. The actual distribution of wind and stability has been modified in each case in order to approximate the internal parameter in the lee‐wave equation by an exponential function, as recommended by Palm and Foldvik (1960). There is good accordance between the computed wave motion and the observations.

Miles, M. K.

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837708pmid: N/A

Recent evidence from frequent radar‐sonde soundings at Crawley (Sussex) has been studied along with earlier published evidence to establish that a marked fall in humidity occurs directly above the front in a more or less random sample of cold fronts crossing southern England. This usually happens at levels above 700 mb and without a corresponding fall of temperature or any considerable change in wind direction at these levels.

Dingle, A. N.; Hardy, K. R.

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837709pmid: N/A

The photoelectric raindrop‐size spectrometer has made possible the resolution of drop‐size spectra in natural rains to 1‐min intervals of time. Characteristics of the drop‐size spectra thus obtained and their time‐sequences are discussed. Various factors affecting the development of raindrop‐size distributions are discussed as they relate to the observed distributions.

Singleton, F.; Durbin, W. G.

doi: 10.1002/qj.49708837710pmid: N/A

Seven flights have been made measuring horizontal variations of chloride particles (masses > 10−13 g) in the neighbourhood of the British Isles. From these it is concluded that concentrations can vary from about 1,500 l−1 in unstable north‐westerly airstreams to 300 l−1 in anticyclonic air over the U.K., and 50 l−1 over the Continent in air of continental origin. Some evidence is found that concentrations can increase near windward coasts, and can, on occasion, increase with height in the lower levels of the atmosphere.