Activity of Tetracycline, Doxycycline, and Minocycline Against Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant StaphylococciMinuth, J. N.; Holmes, T. M.; Musher, D. M.
doi: 10.1128/AAC.6.4.411pmid: 5985265
Activity of Tetracycline, Doxycycline, and Minocycline Against Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Staphylococci J. N. Minuth , T. M. Holmes and D. M. Musher Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Hospital, Houston, Texas 77031 Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77025 ABSTRACT Tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates of Staphylococcus . At clinically achievable levels both doxycycline and minocycline were more active than tetracycline against methicillin-susceptible organisms. Tetracycline and doxycycline had no activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococci, whereas minocycline at 2 μg/ml inhibited six of 13 strains and, at 3 μg/ml, 10 of 13 strains. Copyright © 1974 American Society for Microbiology CiteULike Connotea Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter What's this? « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article doi: 10.1128/AAC.6.4.411 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. October 1974 vol. 6 no. 4 411-414 » Abstract PDF Classifications ARTICLE Services Email this article to a colleague Similar articles in ASM journals Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of AAC Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via Web of Science Citing articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Minuth, J. N. Articles by Musher, D. M. Search for related content PubMed PubMed citation Articles by Minuth, J. N. Articles by Musher, D. M. Related Content Load related web page information Social Bookmarking CiteULike Connotea Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter What's this? current issue December 2011, volume 55, issue 12 Alert me to new issues of AAC About AAC Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy AAC RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • [email protected] Print ISSN: 0066-4804 Online ISSN: 1098-6596 Copyright © 2011 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to AAC .asm.org, visit: http://intl- AAC .asm.org | More Info»
Cell Culture Studies on the Antiviral Activity of Ether Derivatives of 5-HydroxymethyldeoxyuridineMeldrum, J. B.; Gupta, V. S.; Saunders, J. R.
doi: 10.1128/AAC.6.4.393pmid: 5299288
Cell Culture Studies on the Antiviral Activity of Ether Derivatives of 5-Hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine J. B. Meldrum , V. S. Gupta and J. R. Saunders Animal Pathology Division, Health of Animals Branch, Agriculture Canada, Saskatchewan Area Laboratory, and Departments of Veterinary Physiological Sciences Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N OWO, Canada ABSTRACT The antiviral activity of several ether derivatives of 5-hydroxymethyldeoxyuridine against the herpesvirus of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis was determined in monolayer cultures of secondary bovine fetal kidney cells. 5-Methoxy-methyldeoxyuridine (OCH 3 UdR) was found to be markedly inhibitory against this virus. Pretreatment of the cells with OCH 3 UdR, simultaneous addition of OCH 3 UdR with virus to the cells, and postinfection treatment with OCH 3 UdR were found to be effective in inhibiting virus-induced cytopathogenic effect. Against this virus, OCH 3 UdR was found to be as potent as 5-iododeoxyuridine and cytosine arabinoside. The α-anomer of OCH 3 UdR did not show antiviral activity. Preliminarly toxicity studies indicate that OCH 3 UdR has a very low acute toxicity. Copyright © 1974 American Society for Microbiology CiteULike Connotea Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter What's this? « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article doi: 10.1128/AAC.6.4.393 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. October 1974 vol. 6 no. 4 393-396 » Abstract PDF Classifications ARTICLE Services Email this article to a colleague Similar articles in ASM journals Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of AAC Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via Web of Science Citing articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Meldrum, J. B. Articles by Saunders, J. R. Search for related content PubMed PubMed citation Articles by Meldrum, J. B. Articles by Saunders, J. R. Related Content Load related web page information Social Bookmarking CiteULike Connotea Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter What's this? current issue December 2011, volume 55, issue 12 Alert me to new issues of AAC About AAC Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy AAC RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • [email protected] Print ISSN: 0066-4804 Online ISSN: 1098-6596 Copyright © 2011 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to AAC .asm.org, visit: http://intl- AAC .asm.org | More Info»
Polyene-Resistant Mutants of Aspergillus fennelliae: Identification of SterolsKim, S. J.; Kwon-Chung, K. J.; Milne, G. W. A.; Prescott, B.
doi: 10.1128/AAC.pmid: 4157334
Four mutants strains of Aspergillus fennelliae resistant to various polyene antibiotics have been analyzed for their sterol content. The mutant strains contained 7,22,24(28) -ergostatrien-3ß-o1 and 7,22 -ergostadien-3ß-o1 as the major sterols, whereas the wild types contained ergosterol, indicating that the mutants contain metabolic blocks for C 5 –C 6 dehydrogenation and C 24 –C 28 reduction in the biosynthesis of ergosterol. Revertant sectors arising from the mutant colonies contained either more 7,22 -ergostadien-3ß-o1 than the parent mutant strain or showed the reappearance of ergosterol. The revertant sectors also showed lower resistance to amphotericin B and a higher rate of sporulation than the parent mutant strain. These results confirm our previous observations that the presence of ergosterol is directly related to the drug susceptibility and the normal rate of sporulation in this species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974 October; 6(4): 405-410 Copyright © 1974 American Society for Microbiology . All Rights Reserved.
Comparison of Spectinomycin Hydrochloride and Aqueous Procaine Penicillin G in the Treatment of Uncomplicated GonorrheaDuancic, Ana; Fiumara, Nicholas J.; Alpert, Susan; Lee, Yhu-Hsiung; Tarr, Philip I.; Rosner, Bernard; McCormack, William M.
doi: 10.1128/AAC.pmid: 4157355
Men and women with uncomplicated gonorrhea were randomly assigned to receive aqueous procaine penicillin G (2,400,000 U for men; 2,400,000 U daily for 2 days for women) or spectinomycin hydrochloride (2.0 g for men; 4.0 g for women). Among men who returned for post-treatment evaluation within 10 days, treatment failures were noted among 16 (20.3%) of 79 men who received penicillin and 8 (9.5%) of 84 men who received spectinomycin (P < 0.1). Similarly, 6 (13.3%) of 45 women who received penicillin and 3 (6.5%) of 46 women who received spectinomycin had positive endocervical cultures for Neisseria gonorrhoeae at the time of the post-treatment examination ( P = not significant). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974 October; 6(4): 512-515 Copyright © 1974 American Society for Microbiology . All Rights Reserved.
Transferrable Resistance to Tobramycin in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae Associated with Enzymatic Acetylation of TobramycinMinshew, Barbara H.; Holmes, Randall K.; Sanford, Jay P.; Baxter, Charles R.
doi: 10.1128/AAC.pmid: 4157351
Among gram-negative bacilli isolated from burn wound cultures, some strains of Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to tobramycin (minimal inhibitory concentration MIC 20 µg/ml) but susceptible to gentamicin (MIC 5 µg/ml). One Klebsiella pneumoniae and two Enterobacter cloacae strains were selected for studies on their mechanisms of resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics. Resistance to high concentrations of tobramycin (MICs of 25 to 50 µg/ml) was conjugally transferred to a susceptible Escherichia coli strain at rates of 1.2 x 10 –4 to 2.8 to 10 –4 per donor cell, suggesting that resistance is controlled by R factors. Resistances to tobramycin, kanamycin, and neomycin were cotransferred. Enzymatic activities were present that acetylated tobramycin, gentamicin, and kanamycin in osmotic lysates from the donor and transcipient strains. Enzymatic adenylylation of these aminoglycosides was not observed. The aminoglycoside-acetylating activities from K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae resembled kanamycin acetyltransferase (KAT) in their specificity for aminoglycoside substrates. Not all isolates of bacteria that produce KAT are resistant to tobramycin, but the factors that determine susceptibility or resistance to tobramycin in KAT-producing bacteria have not yet been established. FOOTNOTES
Mechanism of Action of CM-55, a Synthetic Analogue of the Antilipogenic Antibiotic CeruleninOhno, Tadao; Awaya, Juichi; Kesado, Tadataka; Nomura, Setsuzo; Omura, Satoshi
doi: 10.1128/AAC.pmid: 4157441
CM-55 is a synthetic analogue of the antibiotic cerulenin with the chemical structure of 2, 3-dodecenyl-4-oxo-dimethyl amide. This compound inhibited the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 12341 and inhibited protein and lipid synthesis by 91 and 95%, respectively, at a concentration of 50 µg/ml (2.1 x 10 –4 M). The inhibition of protein synthesis was associated with the partial reduction of ribonucleic acid synthesis and leucine transport. The mechanism of inhibition of lipid synthesis was further investigated in a cell-free extract of the yeast. CM-55 inhibited the incorporation of 14 Cacetyl Coenzyme A (CoA) into both fatty acid (FAF) and non-saponifiable fractions (NSF). However, it did not inhibit 14 Cmalonyl CoA incorporation into FAF and only slightly inhibited 14 Cmevalonate incorporation into NSF. The activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) synthase was inhibited more strongly than the incorporation of 14 C3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA into NSF; this could account for the CM-55 inhibition of 14 Cacetyl CoA incorporation into NSF. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974 October; 6(4): 387-392 Copyright © 1974 American Society for Microbiology . All Rights Reserved.
Comparative Activity of Tobramycin, Amikacin, and Gentamicin Alone and with Carbenicillin Against Pseudomonas aeruginosaKluge, Ronica M.; Standiford, Harold C.; Tatem, Beverly; Young, Viola M.; Greene, William H.; Schimpff, Stephen C.; Calia, Frank M.; Hornick, Richard B.
doi: 10.1128/AAC.pmid: 4157342
The effect of gentamicin against 130 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was compared with that of two investigational aminoglycoside antibiotics, tobramycin and amikacin. Minimal inhibitory concentration data indicated that, on a weight basis, tobramycin was two to four times as active as gentamicin against most isolates. However, 14 of 18 organisms highly resistant to gentamicin ( 80 µg/ml) were also highly resistant to tobramycin. Amikacin was the least active aminoglycoside on a weight basis, but none of the isolates were highly resistant to this antibiotic. When therapeutically achievable concentrations were used, adding carbenicillin to gentamicin or to tobramycin enhanced inhibitory activity against those isolates susceptible ( 5 µg/ml) or moderately resistant (10 to 40 µg/ml) to the aminoglycoside. Such synergy was seldom demonstrated for isolates highly resistant to gentamicin or tobramycin. The combination of carbenicillin and amikacin enhanced inhibition against all but two of the isolates. Both tobramycin and amikacin offer in vitro advantages over gentamicin against P. aeruginosa . Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974 October; 6(4): 442-446 Copyright © 1974 American Society for Microbiology . All Rights Reserved.