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Layer, Guenter; Zuna, Ivan; Lorenz, Adolf; Zerban, Heide; Haberkorn, Uwe; Bannasch, Peter; van Kaick, Gerhard; Räth, Ulrich
doi: 10.1002/jcu.1870190402pmid: 1646222
By means of statistical pattern recognition procedures, a quantitative description of the ultrasound B‐scan images of experimental diffuse liver disease has been carried out. Fatty livers, fatty fibrosis/cirrhosis, and cirrhosis without fatty infiltration of the liver were studied in female Wistar rats. Separation accuracies of more than 80% between the tissue classes “normal” vs “fatty infiltration,” or “normal” vs “fatty cirrhosis,” using only two statistical image parameters were found. A subclassification of the diffuse parenchymal liver disease was not possible. It is shown by multiple linear regression analysis that the image parameter “mean grey level” correlates better with total lipid content than with the amount of connective tissue. Furthermore it is demonstrated that connective tissue leads only to a weak increase in “mean grey level,” whereas the addition of connective tissue to a given tissue lipid can lead to a reduction in image brightness.
Wan, Yung‐Liang; Lee, Tze‐Yu; Tsai, Chung‐Chueng; Chen, Shyr‐Ming Sheen; Chou, Fong‐Fu
doi: 10.1002/jcu.1870190403pmid: 1646223
Eighteen cases of urachal abscess were studied with sonography. Their configurations were cone shaped in 11 cases, tubular in 4, curved club shaped, and oval and irregular in one each. Their complications, such as intraperitoneal spread, chronic cystitis, and adhesion to the omentum or the colon, could also be suggested by ultrasonography. Gas was found in 50% of the lesions, which were all larger than 1 cm in diameter. An abscess smaller than 1.2 cm in diameter (which can be as long as 5 cm) can be treated with antibiotics or incision and drainage without total excision. A lesion within the extraperitoneal fat space of abdominal wall at the midline below umbilicus suggests the diagnosis of urachal abscess in cases of umbilical discharge and/or when the lesion extends to the umbilicus.
Tikkakoski, Tapani; Lohela, Pentti; Leppänen, Martti; Apaja‐Sarkkinen, Meeri; Typpö, Tapani; Mäkäräinen, Hanna
doi: 10.1002/jcu.1870190404pmid: 1646224
Five anterior mediastinal tumors were biopsied with a fine needle under ultrasound guidance. All the tumors were solid, hypoechoic, perivascularly situated masses. Their mean diameter was 7.2 cm. Cytologically there were 2 mediastinal metastatic carcinomas, 1 poorly differentiated carcinoma or non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 germ‐cell tumor (embryonal cell carcinoma), and 1 malignant lymphoma or thymoma. There were no complications. Ultrasound‐guided anterior mediastinal aspiration biopsy is a safe and rapid procedure in the evaluation of anterior mediastinal masses. Biopsy of a mediastinal mass enables simultaneous diagnosis and staging. Mediastinoscopy and diagnostic thoracotomy can be avoided.
Fornage, Bruno D.; Tassin, Gerard B.
doi: 10.1002/jcu.1870190405pmid: 1646225
High‐resolution real‐time sonography was used to evaluate 35 superficial soft tissue lipomas. Thirty were located in subcutaneous tissues and 5 in superficial muscles. The lipomas were assessed for location, shape and size, boundaries, echotexture, homogeneity, and sound through transmission. All were elongated, with their greatest diameter parallel to the skin. Twenty‐three lipomas (66%) showed a homogenous echotexture. Twenty‐one (60%) were well defined, and the remainder showed ill‐defined margins blending into the surrounding tissues. Twenty‐nine percent of the lipomas were hypoechoic, 22% were isoechoic, 29% were hyperechoic, and 20% showed a mixed pattern. An elongated isoechoic or echogenic mass in the subcutaneous tissues should suggest the diagnosis of lipoma.
Hill, Lyndon M.; Guzick, David; Fries, Joanne; Hixson, Joyce
doi: 10.1002/jcu.1870190406pmid: 1646226
The pregnancy outcome of 347 patients with a confirmed, viable intrauterine pregnancy between 6.0 and 14.0 weeks, menstrual age, was determined. The miscarriage rate was 4.2% in a subgroup of patients without vaginal bleeding, as compared with 12.7% in a subgroup with bleeding (χ2 = 7.4, p < 0.006). First trimester vaginal bleeding was a significant covariate in the determination of the spontaneous miscarriage rate after fetal cardiac activity has been confirmed.
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