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PENWICK, ROGER C.; MOSIER, DEREK A.; CLARK, DAVID M.
doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.1991.tb01251.xpmid: 1949558
Autogenous cancellous bone was procured from the proximal ends of one humerus and the contralateral tibia of eight adult mixed‐breed dogs. Greater weights of bone were consistently harvested from the humerus than from the tibia. Restoration of cancellous bone was more rapid and complete in the humerus than in the tibia. The tibial harvest site filled primarily with fibrous tissue rather than with cancellous bone.
JOHNSTON, SPENCER A.; LANCASTER, RONALD L.; HUBBARD, ROBERT P.; PROBST, CURTIS W.
doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.1991.tb01252.xpmid: 1949559
Seven‐hole 3.5 mm broad and 5‐hole 4.5 mm narrow dynamic compression plates were applied to paired canine cadaveric tibias in a stable fracture model. Paired tibias were tested to acute failure in rotation and four‐point bending, and to fatigue failure in four‐point bending. Resistance to screw pullout was measured for three 3.5 mm cortical screws and two 4.5 mm cortical screws inserted in the configurations of the bone plates. All plate‐bone systems failed by fracture of the bone through a screw hole. The 3.5 mm plate‐bone system was stronger in acute failure in rotation and in four‐point bending. There was no difference in stiffness, and no difference in the number of cycles to failure in fatigue testing. Three 3.5 mm screws had greater resistance to pullout than two 4.5 mm screws. Results indicate that the 7‐hole 3.5 mm broad dynamic compression plate has a biomechanical advantage over the 5‐hole 4.5 mm narrow dynamic compression plate.
WILSON, DAVID G.; CRAWFORD, WILLIAM H.; STONE, WILLIAM C.; FRAMPTON, J. WYATT
doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.1991.tb01253.xpmid: 1949560
Salter‐Harris type I fractures of the femoral capital physis were repaired in five Holstein bulls with three 7.0 mm cannulated screws placed in lag fashion. Radiographically at months 7 to 10, the fractures were healed and there was periarticular bone production on the femoral necks and the dorsal acetabular rims. Four bulls had normal gaits, and one bull had muscle atrophy and barely detectable lameness.
SHOEMAKER, R. STUART; BERTONE, ALICIA L.; MOHAMMAD, LOUAY N.; ARMS, STEVEN W.
doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.1991.tb01254.xpmid: 1949561
Effects of longitudinal compression before and after transection of the accessory ligament of the superifical digital flexor (SDF) muscle were measured in eight equine cadaver forelimbs. When compression was increased from 890 N to 3115 N, the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and carpal joints hyperextended 20° and 4°, respectively, and strain in the SDF and deep digital flexor tendons was increased 3.5% and 1.4%, respectively. The accessory ligament did not elongate. Immediately after transection of the accessory ligament at 3115 N load, a 2.8 mm gap formed between the transected ends of the accessory ligament, and the muscle belly of the SDF elongated and moved distad. The MCP joint hyperextended 15.8% further and strain of the SDF tendon increased 11.2% further. These results show that the accessory ligament transferred load in the SDF musculotendinous unit away from the muscle belly and that desmotomy altered this function. Decrease in the MCP joint angle indicated that the accessory ligament contributed to the support of the MCP joint under load. Increase in SDF strain after desmotomy was probably influenced by the change in the moment about the MCP joint and increased length of the SDF musculotendinous unit.
GOLDSMID, SARAH E.; BELLENGER, CHRISTOPHER R.
doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.1991.tb01255.xpmid: 1949562
Eleven dogs with prostatic disease were treated by total prostatectomy. Urinary incontinence persisted in three of nine dogs, two of which were also incontinent before surgery. The incidence of postoperative incontinence may be reduced by undermining the prostatic capsule to preserve as much prostatic urethra as possible. The risk of postoperative incontinence appeared greater if there was prostatic neoplasia or preoperative urinary incontinence.
WHITACRE, MICHAEL D.; TATE, LLOYD P.; ESTILL, CHARLES T.; CAMP, STEVEN D. VAN
doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.1991.tb01257.xpmid: 1949563
A vaginal septum was diagnosed in an English bulldog bitch during routine estrous cycle staging. The septum extended 16 cm from the vestibulo‐vaginal junction to just caudal to the cervix. The septum was removed by two applications of an Nd:YAG laser via a flexible fiberoptic endoscope. Complete healing occurred over a 5‐week period and was uneventful. The bitch was bred and subsequently delivered four puppies vaginally. Transendoscopic laser ablation provided a noninvasive approach to surgically remove a vaginal septum in the dog.
ROSE, P. L.; SCHUMACHER, J.; TAYLOR, T. S.
doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.1991.tb01258.xpmid: 1949564
An extensive stricture of the left dorsal colon in a Thoroughbred colt was resected and the colon was anastomosed. In two horses, circumferential strictures at the pelvic flexure 2.5 to 3 cm long were corrected with a modified Heineke‐Mikulicz pyloroplasty technique. The horses were reported to be doing well at 6, 8, and 45 months, respectively.
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