New species, anatomy, and systematic position of the hydrothermal vent and hydrocarbon seep gastropod family Provannidae fam.n. (Caenogastropoda)WARÉN, ANDERS; PONDER, WINSTON F.
doi: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.1991.tb00273.xpmid: N/A
The anatomy of the hydrothermal vent gastropod Provanna is described. It is shown to be a primitive neotaenioglossan with mainly plesiomorphic features in all systems, including open pallial gonoducts, epiathroid nervous system with accessory pedal ganglia and a circulatory system where a considerable portion of the venous blood from the coelomic spaces enters the pallial skirt. Apomorphic features include the possession of an anterior notch, or short canal in the shell (and mantle edge), an annulated sensory pallial tentacle, paraspermatozoa modificd as nurse cells. multiple seminal receptacles, a posterior bursa copulatrix, and a renal oviduct with three distinct regions. the middle one expanded. Comparisons are madc with Abyssochrysos, a genus assumed to be a relict member of the Loxonematoidea, which appears to be the closest known relative. A new family. Provannidae fam.n., is created and tentatively included in the Loxonematoidea. The following new specics are described: Provanna segonzaci sp.n. (from hydrothermal vents at the Fiji Back Arc), P. laevis sp.n. (from hydrothermal seeps in the Gulf of California), P. sculpta sp.n. and P. admetoides sp.n. (from hydrocarbon seeps in the Gulf of Mexico). New records are added for previously described species of Provanna.
Mouthpart and foregut ontogeny in larval, postlarval, and juvenile spiny lobster, Panulirus argus Latreille (Decapoda, Palinuridae)WOLFE, STEVEN H.; FELGENHAUER, BRUCE E.
doi: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.1991.tb00274.xpmid: N/A
The spiny lobster Panulirus argus has a life cycle consisting of a long‐term (∼9‐12 months) planktonic larval period with 11 larval stages (the phyllosoma), a short (<1 month?) planktonic‐to‐benthic transitional postlarval stage (the puerulus), and benthic juvenile and adult phases. The mouthparts and foregut during these stages were examined and described by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in an investigation of the species' developmental morphology, diet, and ecology. The phyllosoma mouthparts close to the esophagus are the labrum, mandibles, paragnaths, and first maxillae. The second maxillae and first and second maxillipeds are increasingly distant from the esophagus as the larva develops. The pair of asymmetrical mandibles bear many teeth and spines, and the molar processes form what appears to be an intricate toothed shear. The mandibles remain similar throughout the phyllosoma stages. During the molt into the puerulus, the mouthparts are greatly changed, and the second maxilla and the three maxillipeds join the other mouthparts near the esophagus. However, the transformation appears incomplete, and many of the mouthparts are not fully formed until the molt to juvenile completes their development. The phyllosoma foregut lacks a gastric mill and has but one chamber. In addition, the first two stages lack a gland filter. During the molt to puerulus, the foregut is greatly changed and subsequently is similar to typical decapod foreguts in having an anterior cardiac and posterior pyloric chamber. Only rudimentary internal armature is present. Following the molt to juvenile, the foregut is quite similar to that of the adult, which exhibits a substantial gastric mill. The 11 phyllosoma stages were separated into two groups (group A = stages 1‐5, group B = stages 6‐11) on the basis of changes in both mouthpart and foregut morphology. The puerulus has never been observed to feed. Nothing was observed in our investigations that would prevent feeding, though both mouthpart and foregut development appeared incomplete. The mouthpart and foregut structures of larval, postlarval and juvenile P. argus differ widely, possibly reflecting the extreme modifications for different habitats found among these life phases.
A review of Katacephala Crawford with the description of an allied genus from South America (Insecta, Homoptera, Psylloidea)HODKINSON, IAN D.
doi: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.1991.tb00275.xpmid: N/A
Keys are given to distinguish the Neotropical Diaphorininae (Katacephala Crawford, Notophorina Burckhardt and Allophorina gen. n.). Description and keys are given to the species of Katacephala and Allophorina. Katacephala Crawford comprises six species, grandiceps Crawford (the type species), tenuipennis Tuthill, arcuata Crawford, psidii (Tuthill) comb.n., cinctata sp.n. and anomala sp.n. Jenseniella Tuthill is synonymized with Katacephala. Katacephala fasciata Jensen is synonymised with K. arcuata Crawford. Known host‐plants are all Myrtaceae. Allophorina comprises two species, lobata sp.n. (the type species) and una sp.n. Its host‐plant relationships are unknown.