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Kennedy, Peter C.; Richards, W. P. C.
doi: 10.1177/030098586400100103pmid: N/A
The fetal lesions which characterize abortions caused by the virus of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis are focal necrotizing hepatitis, necrotizing placentitis, and irregularly distributed focal necrotic lesions in other organs. The abortions occur 18 to 64 days after experimental exposure of the dam. The lesions are quantitatively and qualitatively the same whether in response to infection by vaccine or field strains of the virus. The pattern of abortions which occurred in one herd following vaccination is reported.
Gilmore, Charley E.; Gilmore, Virginia H.; Jones, T. C.
doi: 10.1177/030098586400100104pmid: N/A
Examination of bone marrow and peripheral blood is necessary to diagnose and study many diseases affecting the hematopoietic system of cats. A simplified technique for obtaining marrow from cats, modified from a previously reported method, employs local anesthesia and minimal restraint. Skin and periosteum over the iliac crest are anesthetized with 2% procaine; a 3/4-inch, 18 gauge needle with short beveled point and seated stylet is introduced into the ilium through a small skin incision. Marrow is aspirated with a syringe and smears are made directly. Wright and Giemsa stains are used and 500 nucleated cells are differentiated.Average differential values on marrow from 15 clinically normal cats were: rubriblast 1.2%, prorubricyte 2.8%, rubricyte 16.1%, metarubricyte 18.2%, (total erythrocytic cells, 38.4%), myeloblast 1.1%, progranulocyte 2.8%, neutrophil myelocyte 5.9%, eosinophil myelocyte 0.3%, neutrophil metamyelocyte 15.0%, eosinophil metamyelocyte 0.2%, neutrophil band 14.7%, eosinophil band 0.3%, neutrophil segmenter 14.0%, eosinophil segmenter 1.3% (total myelocytic cells, 55.6%), lymphocytes 5.1%, plasma cells 0.5%, reticulum cells 0.3%. The average myeloid: erythroid ratio was 1.6:1.Peripheral blood for determining hematocrits (PCV), total leukocyte counts (WBC) and differential leukocyte counts on the same animals was obtained by puncturing the marginal ear vein. Average values for these determinations were: PCV 37%, WBC 15,250/cmm., segmenters (neutrophil) 59%, bands (neutrophil) 4%, eosinophils 6%, lymphocytes 27%, monocytes 3%.Terminology used to classify the cells described and illustrated in this report is that recommended by the Committee for Clarification of the Nomenclature of Cells and Diseases of the Blood and Blood-Forming Organs.
doi: 10.1177/030098586400100106pmid: N/A
The reactive tissue changes in brucellosis of man and animals are discussed and compared. Brucellosis can lead to exudative and proliferative reactions. Granulomas, composed chiefly of reticulo-histiocytic elements, often occur in the course of the proliferative inflammation. In an anatomic classification, the brucella infections belong to the infectious granulomas. The brucella granulomas possess only a limited specificity, as do the other “specific“ inflammations.
doi: 10.1177/030098586400100107pmid: N/A
The granuloma is a significant form of inflammatory response in chickens, and the various bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa which elicit granulomas are discussed. The granuloma is a frequent and important lesion of the lung in chickens, the inciting infection reaching this organ by the hematogenous or aerogenous route. The anatomy of the avian respiratory tract influences the pathogenesis of granulomatous inflammation; these anatomic features are described. It has not yet been determined whether any pulmonary necrosis, given sufficient time, can develop into a granuloma, or whether the process requires the participation of certain specific infectious agents.
doi: 10.1177/030098586400100108pmid: N/A
A case of mast cell tumor of the tongue of a two weeks old calf is described. Gross lesions were found throughout the tongue beneath the epithelium and in the muscle. Microscopically the lesions showed masses of cells with the typical appearance and staining reactions of mast cells. No similar lesions were found in other tissues or organs of this calf at routine meat inspection.
doi: 10.1177/030098586400100109pmid: N/A
Disease-free dogs, known to be susceptible to infectious canine hepatitis, were inoculated with this virus subcutaneously or intravenously. Antibody and virus titers were measured in the aqueous humor and blood serum. Ocular tissue was examined for the presence of virus by fluorescence microscopy. During the acute febrile stage of illness there was mild iridocyclitis without corneal involvement. The latter supervened during convalescence.Two fundamentally different modes of pathogenesis are postulated for the ocular lesions of infectious canine hepatitis. During the acute phase of illness, prior to the onset of circulating antibody, uveitis occurs that is related directly to effects of viral growth in vascular endothelium, and in reticuloendothelial elements of the anterior uvea. The severe iridocyclitis with corneal opacification that occurs in clinically recovered dogs possess characteristics of the Arthus-type of ocular hypersensitivity.
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