The Comparative Pathology of Non-Viral Bullous Skin Diseases in Domestic AnimalsScott, D. W.; Wolfe, M. J.; Smith, C. A.; Lewis, R. M.
doi: 10.1177/030098588001700301pmid: 6989092
In a review of non-viral bullous skin diseases of domestic animals and a 4-year study of cases presented to the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, we found 15 diseases: pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus vegetans, pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus erythematosus, bullous pemphigoid, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatitis herpetiformis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, drug eruption, epidermolysis bullosa, epidermolysis bullosa simplex, familial acantholysis, bovine congenital porphyria, impetigo and subcorneal pustular dermatosis. The 15 diseases were placed in five categories: autoimmune, immune-mediated, hereditary, bacterial and idiopathic. A histologic classification of these disorders based on the site of blister formation and other important clinicopathologic, histologic and immunopathologic findings was developed.
Canine Parvoviral Myocarditis: A Morphologic Description of the Natural DiseaseRobinson, W. F.; Huxtable, C. R.; Pass, D. A.
doi: 10.1177/030098588001700302pmid: 7368523
Naturally occurring acute parvoviral myocarditis in puppies 3 to 8 weeks of age was characterised clinically by sudden death or death following a brief period of dyspnoea. Mortality within litters varied from 20% to 100%. The principal lesion was in the myocardium, which in most cases was mottled by pale patches and bands. Moderate to severe pulmonary oedema with marked peribronchial and perivascular oedema was present. In some cases, the wall of the gall bladder was oedematous. Microscopically the ventricular myocardium had myofibre loss, multifocal myofibre necrosis, a mononuclear cell infiltrate of variable intensity and reactive stromal elements. In every case there were Feulgen-positive, amphophilic, intranuclear inclusion bodies in myocardial nuclei. Ultrastructurally the inclusions were composed of dense granular material and particles resembling parvovirions. Pulmonary alveolar septae were thickened by fibroblasts. Peribronchial and perivascular lymphatics were distended with oedema fluid and occasionally erythrocytes. The pulmonary lesions were considered secondary to the myocardial dysfunction. Some of the puppies that survived the acute disease developed ventricular myocardial fibrosis and died in congestive heart failure.
Bronchopulmonary Lavage Cytology in the Dog: Normal FindingsRebar, A. H.; Denicola, D. B.; Muggenburg, B. A.
doi: 10.1177/030098588001700303pmid: 6154370
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was used to obtain cytologic specimens from all lung lobes of 9 normal Beagle dogs. Three specimen collection techniques (bronchial lavage, bronchial brushing and bronchial pinch biopsy imprints) and two staining procedures (Wright-Giemsa and Papanicolaou) were used and evaluated. Bronchial lavage was the most satisfactory technique for collection of samples from the deep lung and bronchial brushings were preferred for potential bronchial tree mural lesions. Wright-Giemsa was the stain of choice because mast cells could not be identified and eosinophilic leukocytes could be identified only with difficulty in Papanicolaou stained specimens. Total and differential cell counts were determined on all bronchial lavages from all lung lobes in order to establish baseline reference values. Total nucleated cell counts ranged from 260-1200/μl. There were no significant differences among mean total nucleated cell counts for the different lung lobes. Mean total nucleated cell counts were between 420 and 630 cellsμl. Approximately 95% of all nucleated cells in normal lavages were undifferentiated alveolar macrophages. Most of the other cells seen were neutrophils, eosinophils, possible globule leukocytes and mast cells. Ciliated and nonciliated epithelial cells comprised less than 1% of the total nucleated cell population.
A Locomotor Disorder Clinically Similar to Spastic Paresis in an Adult Friesian BullBradley, R.; Wueratne, W.V.S.
doi: 10.1177/030098588001700304pmid: 7368524
A 5-year-old Friesian stud bull developed a progressive locomotor disorder on return to stud after a period of rest. He had defects in conformation exacerbated by poor condition. The hind limbs were excessively straight. When he stood or moved, the Achilles tendons and their associated muscles were rigid. The disorder clinically resembled spastic paresis of calves.Necropsy showed a degenerative arthropathy in all hind limb joints below the hip. Lesions were also in tendons and skeletal muscles. The M. flexor digitorum superficialis had severe type II cell atrophy with many ring. lobulated and moth-eaten type I cells.
Infiltrative Lipoma in DogsMcchesney, A. E.; Stephens, L. C.; Lebel, J.; Snyder, S.; Ferguson, H. R.
doi: 10.1177/030098588001700305pmid: 7368525
Infiltrative lipomas, similar to those described in man, were diagnosed in 12 dogs of various breeds, sexes, and ages. The neoplasms were poorly delineated, soft enlargements in muscle and connective tissue that caused dysfunction because of mechanical interference or pressure pain. The neoplasms consisted of differentiated fat cells that had infiltrated between or replaced muscle, collagen fibers or both. Single or multiple recurrences followed surgical removal in four of eight dogs; no follow-up was possible in the other four.
Ultrastructure of Renal Lesions in Pigs with Acute Leptospirosis Caused by Leptospira pomonaCheville, N. F.; Huhn, R.; Cutlip, R. C.
doi: 10.1177/030098588001700308pmid: 7368526
Twelve 4-day-old, pathogen-free pigs were inoculated intraperitoneally with virulent L. pomona. Two pigs each were killed 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days after inoculation and their kidneys examined by light and electron microscopy. Three to 5 days after inoculation there was hyperemia, edema and swelling of tubular epithelium; leptospires were detected intravascularly, in interstitium and embedded within basement membranes. At day 7, leptospires were at basal surfaces of proximal tubules and in phagosomes in tubular epithelium. Perivascular aggregates of monocytes and macrophages were prominent. At day 14, interstitial cells were chiefly plasmacytes and lymphocytes. Leptospires were only on tubular epithelial cell surface microvilli.In another experiment, all pigs receiving low-virulent strains had leptospires in the renal interstitium at 7 days after inoculation but had none at 14 days. All low-virulent strains produced degenerative changes and lymphocyte-plasmacytic infiltration. These studies indicate that none of the low-virulent isolates were acceptable for use in vaccines. Failure of leptospires to remain attached to microvilli of proximal tubules in late stages of acute infection may be related to differences in virulence of various isolates.
Morphological Studies of Front Limb Deformities in LambsUhthoff, H. K.; Liskova-Kiar, M.; Hidiroglou, M.
doi: 10.1177/030098588001700310pmid: 7368528
Long bones of 17 3- to 6-month-old lambs with bowed forelimbs underwent radiologic, microradiographic and histologic examinations. The distal ends of the radii showed a combination of valgus, flexion and internal rotation. There were thin cortical bone and large marrow cavity adjacent to the growth plate in the radii and metacarpi. Histological studies showed increased numbers of osteoclasts adjacent to the zone of calcified cartilage of the growth plate. The trabeculae of primary and secondary spongiosa were fewer and thinner than those of controls. The length of secondary spongiosa was greatly reduced and the lateral compaction of the metaphysis was defective. The growth plate was normal. The predominant finding was osteoporosis resulting from increased osteoclastic resorption of bone trabeculae.