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Stice, Eric; Rohde, Paul; Yokum, Sonja; Gau, Jeff M.; Bohon, Cara; Shaw, Heather
doi: 10.1037/ccp0000856pmid: 38032620
Objective: Test whether a group-delivered dissonance-based transdiagnostic eating disorder treatment, Body Project Treatment (BPT), produces greater reductions in eating disorder symptoms and higher abstinence from eating disorder behaviors and remittance from eating disorder diagnoses than group-delivered transdiagnostic interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT). Method: Women with a range of eating disorders (N = 73) were randomized to 8-week group-implemented BPT or IPT and completed surveys and masked diagnostic interviews at pretest, posttest, and 6-month follow-up. Results: Participants randomized to BPT versus IPT showed significantly greater reductions in eating disorder symptoms (d = −.75), pursuit of the thin ideal (d = −.87), anxiety symptoms (d = −.76), and social impairment (d = −.59) through 6-month follow-up. By end of treatment, participants randomized to the BPT versus IPT did not significantly differ on abstinence from binge eating and purging (49% vs. 40%, respectively) or remittance from eating disorder diagnoses (54% vs. 40%, respectively). Participants randomized to BPT versus IPT did not differ significantly in average session attendance (5.8 vs. 6.9, respectively) or average homework assignments completed (4.6 vs. 5.6, respectively). The within-condition reductions in eating disorder symptoms for BPT did not significantly differ when implemented in person versus via synchronous video telepsychiatry (d = −1.39 vs. −1.09, respectively), though these effects should be considered preliminary because of the small cell sizes. Conclusions: The evidence that BPT produces greater reductions in eating disorder symptoms, pursuit of the thin ideal, anxiety symptoms, and social impairment than IPT is encouraging because it provides some assurance that the effects are present equating for the effects of expectancies, demand characteristics, and nonspecific factors.
Benjet, Corina; Albor, Yesica; Alvis-Barranco, Libia; Contreras-Ibáñez, Carlos C.; Cuartas, Gina; Cudris-Torres, Lorena; González, Noé; Cortés-Morelos, Jacqueline; Gutierrez-Garcia, Raúl A.; Medina-Mora, Maria Elena; Patiño, Pamela; Vargas-Contreras, Eunice; Cuijpers, Pim;
Prakash, Neema; Votta, Cecilia M.; Deldin, Patricia J.
doi: 10.1037/ccp0000844pmid: 37732972
Objectives: Graduate students are at greater risk of developing mental health concerns than other adults in their age group. Despite the need for care within this population, there is a lack of literature on accessible interventions designed specifically to meet the needs of graduate students. The present study examines the efficacy of a novel intervention: Mood Lifters for Graduate Students (ML-GS). Method: This study is a clinical trial with randomization. The sample size consisted of 131 participants. The average age was 25.95 years, and the sample was 88.5% women, 61.8% White, and 65.6% straight or heterosexual. Participants completed the same survey before and after participating in ML-GS, as well as 1-month after completing ML-GS. Three measures from those surveys were examined in this study: Patient Health Questionnaire–9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder–7, and Perceived Stress Scale. Two-way mixed-design analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and repeated measures ANOVAs were used to analyze these data. Results: Results indicated that participants enrolled in ML-GS experienced significant, clinically meaningful reductions in depression, anxiety, and stress, when compared to their waitlist counterparts. The changes made during the ML-GS program were also maintained at the 1-month follow-up. Conclusions: These findings suggest that ML-GS is effective in reducing depression, anxiety, and stress among graduate students. It may be a good solution for the large demand for mental health support in that population.
Weiss, Nicole H.; Spillane, Nichea S.; Goldstein, Silvi C.; Kiefer, Reina; Raudales, Alexa M.; Nalven, Tessa; Egan, Alana; Trinh, Catherine D.; Moore, Roland S.; Gone, Joseph P.
doi: 10.1037/ccp0000840pmid:
Goodman, Fallon R.; Peckham, Andrew D.; Kneeland, Elizabeth T.; Choate, Alexandria M.; Daniel, Katharine E.; Beard, Courtney; Björgvinsson, Thröstur
doi: 10.1037/ccp0000838pmid: 38032622
Objective: Improvement in emotion regulation is a proposed transdiagnostic mechanism of change. However, treatment research is limited by disorder-specific investigations that assess a narrow number of emotion regulation strategies. Moreover, most assess pre-to-post-treatment change without examining short-term changes throughout psychotherapy that might influence treatment response. Method: To address these gaps, this study uses daily diary methodology to examine trajectories of change in use of six emotion regulation strategies during partial hospitalization psychiatric treatment. Treatment was rooted in cognitive behavioral principles and included skills adapted from empirically supported cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) manuals. Participants were adults (N = 364; Mage = 34.6 years; 60% female; 85% non-Hispanic White) with various profiles of mood, anxiety, and obsessive–compulsive disorders who completed symptom measures at baseline and discharge and daily measures of emotion regulation. Results: In the first 7 treatment days, patients increased use of engagement strategies (reappraisal, acceptance) and decreased use of disengagement (expressive suppression) and cognitive perseveration (experiential avoidance, rumination) strategies. Day-to-day trajectories found that decreased use of experiential avoidance predicted next-day changes in distraction and suppression use. In predicting treatment outcomes, steeper rates of decreased suppression use predicted reductions in anxiety, depression, and general psychopathology symptoms; similar patterns were observed for decreased rumination and experiential avoidance use and increased reappraisal use. Conclusion: Results add to a growing literature on the value of intentional, constructive engagement with emotional experiences as a mechanism of psychological health.
Bar-Sella, Avigail; Nof, Aviv; Baucom, Brian R.; Goldstein, Pavel; Romanov, Sergei; Shpakouskaya, Iryna; Kaplun, Dmitrii; Zilcha-Mano, Sigal
doi: 10.1037/ccp0000835pmid: 37616125
Objective: The potential prognostic role of emotion regulation in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) has been highlighted by transtheoretical literature and supported by promising empirical findings. The majority of the literature is based on self-report observations at a single snapshot, thus little is known about the prognostic value of moment-to-moment dynamic evolvement of emotion. The present study is the first to examine the prognostic value of both intra- and interpersonal, moment-to-moment emotion regulation dynamics, and the potential moderating effect of the type of treatment. Method: To assess the prognostic value of emotion regulation dynamics, we focused on the first session, using 6,780 talk-turns within 52 patient–therapist dyads. Emotion regulation dynamics were measured using fundamental frequencies of the voice and were calculated using empirical Bayes residuals of the actor–partner interdependence model. Symptomatic change was measured using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression across 16 weeks of supportive treatment (ST) or supportive–expressive treatment (SET). Results: Findings suggest that patients who show less regulated intrapersonal dynamics during the first session show less reduction of symptoms throughout treatment (β = .26, p = .019). Findings further suggest that this association is mitigated when these patients receive SET, as opposed to ST (β = .72, p = .020). Conclusions: The findings demonstrate the ability of first-session emotion regulation dynamics to serve as a prognostic variable. The findings further suggest that the adverse effect of emotion regulation dynamics on the patient’s prognosis can be mitigated by explicit work on changing maladaptive emotional patterns.
Showing 1 to 7 of 7 Articles
doi: 10.1037/ccp0000846pmid: 38032621
Objective: Untreated mental disorders are important among low- and middle-income country (LMIC) university students in Latin America, where barriers to treatment are high. Scalable interventions are needed. This study compared transdiagnostic self-guided and guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (i-CBT) with treatment as usual (TAU) for clinically significant anxiety and depression among undergraduates in Colombia and Mexico. Method: 1,319 anxious, as determined by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder–7 (GAD-7) = 10+ and/or depressed, as determined by the Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9) = 10+, undergraduates (mean [SD] age = 21.4 [3.2]); 78.7% female; 55.9% first-generation university student) from seven universities in Colombia and Mexico were randomized to culturally adapted versions of self-guided i-CBT (n = 439), guided i-CBT (n = 445), or treatment as usual (TAU; n = 435). All randomized participants were reassessed 3 months after randomization. The primary outcome was remission of both anxiety (GAD-7 = 0–4) and depression (PHQ-9 = 0–4). We hypothesized that remission would be higher with guided i-CBT than with the other interventions. Results: Intent-to-treat analysis found significantly higher adjusted (for university and loss to follow-up) remission rates (ARD) among participants randomized to guided i-CBT than either self-guided i-CBT (ARD = 13.1%, χ12 = 10.4, p = .001) or TAU (ARD = 11.2%, χ12 = 8.4, p = .004), but no significant difference between self-guided i-CBT and TAU (ARD = −1.9%, χ12 = 0.2, p = .63). Per-protocol sensitivity analyses and analyses of dimensional outcomes yielded similar results. Conclusions: Significant reductions in anxiety and depression among LMIC university students could be achieved with guided i-CBT, although further research is needed to determine which students would most likely benefit from this intervention.
Objective: First Nations peoples experience disproportionate health inequities compared to most non-Indigenous populations. Historical trauma is one factor that has received growing attention in relation to health inequities among First Nations populations. The goal of the present study was to improve understanding of the specific forms, impacts, and mechanisms of transmission of events that lead to historical trauma and the historical trauma response in First Nations peoples. Method: Five focus groups were conducted among adult members of one First Nations community in Canada (N = 34; 70.4% female). Results: Conventional content analysis revealed the numerous forms that historical trauma take in this First Nations community; individual-, familial-, community-, and societal-level impacts of historical trauma; and ways in which historical trauma has been transmitted in this community. Loss of culture, alcohol use, and parenting were major themes identified across these domains. Conclusions: Findings provide important information on the experience of historical trauma in one First Nations community, highlighting the roles of loss of culture; alcohol use; and parenting in the forms, impacts, and transmission of historical trauma.