Phosphorus Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements

Nikolaychuk, Pavel Anatolyevich

doi: 10.1080/10426507.2023.2193747pmid: N/A

Abstract Thermodynamic properties of germanium species in aqueous solution are collected. The chemical and electrochemical equilibria between various forms of Ge (IV) are considered. The basic chemical and electrochemical equilibria for germanium are calculated. The potential – pH diagram for Ge–H2O system is revised. The possible cationic chemistry of Ge (IV) is discussed from the thermodynamic viewpoint.

Boiko, Yuriy; Belikov, Konstantin; Bryleva, Ekaterina; Bunina, Zinaida; Varchenko, Victoria; Rozhenko, Alexander B.; Drapailo, Andriy; Rodik, Roman; Golub, Alexander; Katz, Alexander; Kalchenko, Vitaly

doi: 10.1080/10426507.2023.2208705pmid: N/A

Abstract One pot sequential reactions of silica gel with tetrachlorosilane/triethylamine mixture and after with the conical upper rim tetraphosphorylated tetrahydroxy(thia)calixarenes yielded porous organo-inorganic sorbents modified by spatially ordered phosphonate, phosphinate or phosphine oxide groups capable of co-operative binding of metal cations. The grafting improves efficacy of europium(III) sorption by the silica gels. DFT calculations of the calixarene-Eu3+ complexes predict a calixarene flattened cone conformation with the coordination of Eu3+ cation to three of four P = O oxygen atoms and one of the aromatic systems. Adding three water molecules excludes completely cation–π interactions.

Ayom, Gwaza Eric; Zamisa, Sizwe J.; Singh, Thishana; van Zyl, Werner E.

doi: 10.1080/10426507.2023.2222871pmid: N/A

Abstract Four new polymorphs (1–4) of pentaerythritol-derived ferrocenyl S-S coupled dithiophosphonates were obtained. The four polymorphs all crystallized in the monoclinic system but different space groups. Notable differences between polymorphs 3 and 4 lie in their respective unit cell parameters; a fifth polymorph 5 of the same compound crystallized in the orthorhombic system and was previously reported by us. Structural deviations between polymorphs were performed by molecular overlays and the statistical values were expressed as root mean square deviation (RMSD). The highest structural deviations were between polymorphs 1 & 4 and 2 & 4 with an RMSD of about 1.0 while polymorphs 3 & 4 had a smaller difference with an RMSD of about 0.25. The solid-state molecular organization in the five polymorphs was also studied and discussed in terms of molecular conformation, crystal packing and hydrogen-bonded networks. Polymorphs 1–5 contain a variety of intermolecular and intramolecular non-classical hydrogen bonding interactions which form hydrogen-bonded supramolecular architectures. In all polymorphs, these hydrogen bond interactions were between the hydrogen atoms of the substituted and unsubstituted ferrocenyl moiety and the adjoining sulfur atoms of the dithiophosphonate group. A DFT geometry optimization found that 2 had the lowest energy and verified the molecular overlay. The reactivity indices further proved 2 to be the most reactive.

Hearn, Michael J.; Pugh, Catherine D.; Cynamon, Michael H.

doi: 10.1080/10426507.2023.2196079pmid: N/A

Abstract Using up-to-date methods for synthesis and analysis, 51 sulfonamides were prepared for use as tools in antitubercular drug discovery. The synthetic efforts were centered on varying substituents at three key structural units implicated in antimicrobial activity, namely the sulfonyl group, nitrogen N1 and nitrogen N4. Procedures were specific to the sites of functionalization. Preliminary biological assessments are included here on selected compounds. The results suggest that the compounds may be useful in the exploration of the likely interactions of sulfa drugs with enzymes found in tuberculosis (dihydropteroate synthase) or its human host (N-acetyltransferase), interactions that result in drug activity or drug de-activation, respectively.

Mohammadzadeh Dovvom, Hamid; Akhlaghinia, Batool

doi: 10.1080/10426507.2023.2194651pmid: N/A

Abstract Dithioacetalization, as a well-known class of organic transformation, was carried out for protection of a wide variety of aromatic (with electron releasing and electron withdrawing substituents), heteroaromatic and aliphatic aldehydes as well as ketones by 1,2-ethanedithiol/or 1,3-propanedithiol in the presence of Fe3O4@MCM-41-GPTMS-Gu-CuIINPs. The corresponding 1,3-dithiolanes and 1,3-dithianes were obtained chemoselectively in the presence of Fe3O4@MCM-41-GPTMS-Gu-CuIINPs with hexagonal core-shell structure, superparamagnetic behavior, and average particle size of 8–25 nm under mild reaction conditions. The nanostructured catalyst could be separated easily from the reaction mixture using a magnetic bar and reused in several reaction runs without any remarkable reduction in its catalytic activity. Nearly neutral conditions, good to high yields of the products, operational simplicity, easy work-up procedure, compatibility with various functional groups make the present method valuable in addition to the known methodologies.

Yuasa, Hideya; Yube, Tomohiro; Kanamori, Takashi

doi: 10.1080/10426507.2023.2195651pmid: N/A

Abstract Here, we serendipitously found that photoirradiation of nitrobenzene derivatives with alkyl thiols produced sulfonamides in low yields without the addition of other reagents. We proposed a new photoreaction mechanism, in which the photo-excited nitrobenzene biradical abstracts a hydrogen atom from H-S, the resultant thiyl radical undergoes the coupling with the nitrogen atom in the nitro group, and the two oxygen atoms in the nitro group are transferred onto the sulfur atom. The photoreaction by-produced p-sulfanyl, aniline, and o-sulfonyl derivatives presumably through SRN1 mechanism from the p-substituted nitrobenzene, photo-desulfonylation, and photo-Fries rearrangement from the sulfonamide, respectively. Discovery of this photoreaction will expand the scope of the chemistry of nitro and thiol compounds, since the sulfonamides are expected to find extensive applications.

Li, Jie; Yu, Lu; Xiao, Lingling; Yang, Mingwei; Wu, Tianli; Zhang, Liqun; Tan, Shuming; Li, Pei

doi: 10.1080/10426507.2023.2196078pmid: N/A

Abstract A series of novel botanical active component 4-chromanone derivatives incorporating carboxamide and 1,3,4-thiadiazole thioether moieties were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial and activities antifungal against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac), Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicolaby (Xoc) and Mucor bainieri (M. bainieri), Mucor fragilis (M. fragilis), Trichoderma atroviride (T. atroviride), respectively. Antibacterial screening results suggested that the target compounds showed moderate to good antibacterial activities against Xac and Xoc, to the contrary, had lower inhibitory effects on M. fragilis, M. bainieri, and T. atroviride. Among the target compounds, compound 6-chloro-N-(5-(methylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-oxochromane-2-carboxamide (6f) had the best inhibition rates against Xac (85.15% and 72.41%, respectivelty) and Xoc (95.14% and 82.09%) at 200 and 100 μg/mL, which were superior to Bismerthiazol and Thiodiazole copper. As far as we know, it is the first report on the design, synthesis, and bioactivity evaluation of novel 4-chromanone-derived compounds incorporating carboxamide and 1,3,4-thiadiazole thioether moieties.

Ramzi, Zahra; Nachit, Wafaa; El Gaini, Layla; Touhtouh, Samira; Benkhouja, Khalil

doi: 10.1080/10426507.2023.2197646pmid: N/A

Abstract Strontium phosphate glasses containing bismuth oxide were prepared using conventional melt-quenching technique. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis suggests that stable ternary glasses of composition 70 P2O5-(30-x)SrO-xBi2O3 can be obtained for x = 5–25 mol%. This study examines such physical properties as the density, molar volume (Vm), glass transition temperature (Tg), and structural properties in the interest of explaining the effect on these glasses of Bi-Sr substitution. An almost linear increase in the density when the concentration of bismuth increases between x = 5 and x = 10 mol% followed by monotonic decreasing is noted. However, the calculated molar volume (Vm) behaves in exactly the opposite way. DSC curves showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) decreases by 555 °C down to 490 °C as the concentration of Bi2O3 increases, due to the increase in the number of bridging oxygens. Structural investigations performed using IR spectroscopy revealed that the structure of the phosphate network contains predominately meta-phosphate (Q2) units, with contributions from pyrophosphate (Q1) and orthophosphate (Q0). The infrared spectra also revealed depolymerization of the phosphate chains in the glass system, with increased Bi2O3 concentration and the formation of P–O–Bi bonds. The study of the gamma ray shielding parameters showed that the prepared glasses can be used for shielding radiation applications.