Advances in Hematology

Bou Zerdan, Maroun;Valent, Jason;Diacovo, Maria Julia;Theil, Karl;Chaulagain, Chakra P.

doi: 10.1155/2022/1182384pmid: 35096069

Of the variety of immunoglobulin related amyloidosis (AL), immunoglobulin M (IgM) related AL represents only 6 to 10&#x0025; of affected patients, and the majority of these cases are associated with underlying non-Hodgkin&#x2019;s Lymphoma including Waldenstr&#xf6;m&#x2019;s macroglobulinemia (WM). Ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, and zanubrutinib are Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors approved for certain indolent B cell non-Hodgkin&#x2019;s lymphoma (NHL). BTK is a nonreceptor kinase involved in B-cell survival, proliferation, and interaction with the microenvironment. We retrospectively evaluated the tolerability and effectiveness of BTK inhibitors ibrutinib and acalabrutinib therapy in (<i>n</i>&#x2009;&#x3d;&#x2009;4) patients with IgM-related AL amyloidosis with underlying WM. Treatment was well tolerated with both hematologic and organ response in patients with AL amyloidosis in the setting of WM. Atrial fibrillation led to the discontinuation of ibrutinib in one patient, and acalabrutinib caused significant thumb hematoma needing dose reduction in another patient. All patients evaluated had the MYD88 mutation. This may explain the good response to BTK inhibitors therapy in our series. BTK inhibitors should be further investigated in larger prospective studies for treatment of AL amyloidosis in patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/WM.

Castro, Januario E.;Lengerke-Diaz, Paula A.;Velez Lujan, Juliana;Choi, Michael Y.;Moreno-Cortes, Eider F.;Forero, Jose V.;Garcia-Robledo, Juan Esteban;Jacobs, Chaja;McCarthy, Colin;Heinen, Alaina;Amaya-Chanaga, Carlos I.;Kipps, Thomas J.

doi: 10.1155/2022/4450824pmid: 35103064

Amoaning, Regina Elorm;Amoako, Ernestina Siaw;Kyiire, Grace Arezie;Owusu, Dennis Dela;Bruce, Happy;Simpong, David Larbi;Adu, Patrick

doi: 10.1155/2022/4005208pmid: 35103063

<i>Background</i>. The stress of academic life may predispose young adults to poor dietary habits, which could potentially precipitate nutritional deficiencies, such as iron deficiency. This study evaluated factors predictive of optimal iron stores as well as changes in haematological parameters over the course of an academic year in a cohort of tertiary students. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. The repeated-measure cohort study recruited 117 undergraduate students from September 2018 to May 2019. Venous blood samples were drawn for full blood count estimation, qualitative glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) status, haemoglobin variants, and blood group determination during the first 2 weeks of semester 1. However, anthropometric parameters as well as full blood counts were determined for each participant during the first week and last week of semesters 1 and 2. Additionally, semistructured questionnaires were used to capture sociodemographic data. Also, serum ferritin was estimated for each participant using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. <i>Results</i>. Overall, 23.1% and 15.5% of participants inherited G6PD defect (G6PDd) or haemoglobin variants, respectively. However, group O (68/117; 58.1%) was the predominant ABO blood group and an overwhelming 90.6% (106/117) inherited Rh D antigen. The prevalence of anaemia increased from 20% at the beginning of the first semester to 45.1% at the latter part of the second semester. G6PDd participants had significantly higher median serum ferritin than G6PD normal participants (<svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" id="M1" height="10.2124pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -6.78297 7.83752 10.2124" width="7.83752pt"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path id="g113-113" d="M570 304C570 398 525 448 414 448C385 448 343 445 312 434L329 511L321 518C297 504 262 482 244 460L233 411C195 397 159 381 128 358L135 332C160 347 189 360 224 373L111 -147C97 -210 84 -218 17 -231L13 -257L254 -247L259 -218L233 -216C183 -212 177 -202 189 -142L218 -1C238 -10 266 -12 283 -12C351 3 429 48 483 105C543 168 570 242 570 304ZM482 289C482 161 380 33 304 33C278 33 248 51 233 69L303 396C326 400 352 403 369 403C428 403 482 380 482 289Z"/></g></svg> = 0.003). Also, a significantly higher proportion of females were iron depleted (25% vs. 2.3%) or iron deficient (14.3% vs. 9.3%) compared to males. Moreover, being male, G6PD deficient, or 21–25 years was associated with increased odds of participants having optimal serum ferritin levels. <i>Conclusion</i>. The progression of anaemia prevalence from mild to severe public health problem over the course of one academic year should urgently be addressed.

Petrini, Mario;Gaidano, Gianluca;Mengarelli, Andrea;Consoli, Ugo;Santoro, Armando;Liberati, Anna Maria;Ladetto, Marco;Fraticelli, Vincenzo;Guarini, Attilio;Mannina, Donato;Ferrando, Paola;Corradini, Paolo;Musto, Pellegrino;Stelitano, Caterina;Marino, Dario;Camera, Andrea;Murineddu, Marco;Battistini, Roberta;Caparrotti, Giuseppe;