A Comparative Study of the Applications and Prospects of Self-healing Concrete / Biocrete and Self-Sensing ConcreteSharma, Shashikant Nishant; Prajapati, Raghav; Jaiswal, Anuj; Dehalwar, Kavita
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012090pmid: N/A
Background: Due to advances in biotechnology and the material sciences in the last decade, we have developed some smart and innovative materials that can be developed further to benefit humanity. One of them is the self-healing concrete which could be hyper-porous - holding water like a sponge and which can be used for making our building eco-friendly by using the green walls and green roofs concept. This self-healing concrete composed of 90% recycled material. On the other hand, there is self-sensing concrete (pressure-sensitive or piezoresistive concrete) which has been developed by mixing functional fillers like-carbon fibres, carbon nanotubes, nickel powder, steel fibres, etc. into concrete to enhance its capacity to sense stress, strain, cracking or damage and even improving mechanical properties which can be used further for converting the footfalls into electricity and developing self-sensing building to act as a warning system for the residents in event of any natural or man-made calamities.Methods: We have used the systematic literature study to find the latest developments in the field of material science regarding these two materials under discussion. This will focus more on the recent research and wider applications by encouraging more research and adaptation. Findings: This research paper will delve into depth to find more interesting aspects of the new innovative materials and study the comparatively different aspects like applicability, uses, manufacturing process, cost of construction, time of setting, environmental benefits and economic benefits that humanity can gain by adopting this in construction of buildings. Results: This research will help policymakers to look for more comprehensive uses in future. Conclusions: The findings of the research paper will help in the adoption and further research in the field of biocrete and self-sensing concrete which can be applied in the field of construction and other allied fields for the future.
Analysis Of the Cable - Stayed Bridge by Varying Cable Position at Deck LevelYadav, Anand Gaurav; Yadav, Prince
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012036pmid: N/A
Cable-stayed bridges have gained significant popularity due to their structural efficiency and aesthetic appeal. The positioning of cables in a cable-stayed bridge plays a crucial role in its overall performance. This research paper presents an analysis of cable-stayed bridges by varying the cable positions at the deck level. The objective is to investigate the impact of different cable configurations on the structural behaviour of the bridge. The study is carried out on Akkar Bridge in Sikkim which is India’s first cable - stayed bridge. The analysis is carried out using CSi Bridge software. Three model of a cable-stayed bridge is developed, considering same cable configurations by applying different conditions. The cables are positioned at different angles and attachment points on the deck, allowing for a comprehensive exploration of their effects. Live loads are taken according to IRC: 6-2017, IRC Class 70R Vehicle load was considered. The structural responses of the cable-stayed bridge are evaluated under various loading conditions, including static and dynamic loads. The time-dependent effects of creep and shrinkage of concrete and relaxation of pre-stressing tendons on stresses and deflection are analysed. Parameters such as bridge deflection, cable forces, and stress distribution are examined to assess the performance and structural integrity of the bridge. The results of the analysis reveal that cable positioning significantly influences the behaviour of the cable-stayed bridge, Changes in cable configuration alter the distribution of forces within the structure, leading to variations in structural response. Optimal cable positions are identified based on minimizing deflection and ensuring efficient load transfer throughout the bridge.
Scope of Unconventional Grid in Tall Building: A Way ForwardSharma, Niharika; Patel, Dr. V.R
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012042pmid: N/A
Due to structural efficiency and architectural aesthetic potential diagrid structures are commonly used for today’s tall buildings an extension to this, new grids can be studied and checked. Early tall building designs from the late 19th century understood the value of diagonal bracing member for mitigating lateral stresses. The application of diagrid was common practice for complex structures. In extension to diagrid study, the unconventional grid can also be used. In this study Unconventional geometry for tall buildings has been adopted, it is imperative to find an appropriate structural system for improved overall performance. Understanding various structural systems and using various codal provisions, an attempt has been made to consider the Unconventional grid as the outer grid for tall buildings. Two cases have been considered here, The first is a square-shaped building with an Unconventional grid including peripheral columns and the Second case is a Conventional grid with peripheral columns for the same shape. Modelling for Unconventional geometry is done on Rhino 3D using Grasshopper as a plugin, which was imported on SAP2000 and steel is used as the building material. Analysis has been carried out for both Lateral Loads i.e., Earthquake and Wind Loads as per codal provisions. The results suggest the potential use of unconventional grids in tall buildings. To measure how effectively one can use Unconventional geometry and overcome the flaws of conventional methods, this study can also be a milestone for upcoming infrastructure development.
Impact behaviour of laminated composite stiffened clamped conoidal shell roof by finite elementIrshad, A; Neogi, S D; Chakravorty, D
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012073pmid: N/A
Laminated composite has been discovered and adopted as a result of the hunt towards smarter materials. It has excellent stiffness to weight ratio and has gained mass popularity. However, due to the existence of two or more materials in a single domain, mathematical modelling of composite materials is a complex process. Despite having a wide range of benefits, laminated composites are susceptible to damage from impacts due its low transverse shear capacity. These impacts can cause tearing up of fibres which remains suppressed inside the lamina and can cause complete collapse. Furthermore, depending on the velocity of impact, significant deformation is caused in the shells. Stiffeners, hence become unavoidable in these cases. Application of proper contact law is essential for impact analysis. Classical contact law as proposed by Hertz is applicable for isotropic materials proved to be insufficient in case of laminated composite materials. Power impact law as proposed by Tan and Chen has been implemented and successfully applied by various researchers. The present study is an attempt to optimize the most favourable position of stiffener on a conoidal shell with complex clamped boundary conditions. Conclusions of engineering significance with respect to impact load, deformation, stress and strain generated are drawn at the end of this comparative parametric study.
Review-Comparative study on Traffic Actuated Signal System for Traffic Management SystemDongarwar, Trupti; Pitale, N. H.
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012107pmid: N/A
Traffic Engineering is a branch of Transportation Engineering which discuses planning geometric design and traffic operation of roadway, highway, and street. One of the major fields of traffic Engineering is studying of traffic flow, traffic volume and speed. As the community of the globe develops gradually so the fleet of automobiles also increases. Traffic on the Road depends on peak hours. The traffic is heavy in morning time as compared to afternoon. In rainy Season traffic jam occurs on road after rain has stopped. Due this Problem, the Traffic monitoring is the system which helps to control congestion and avoid traffic accident. Due to traffic congestion, environmental pollution, fuel waste, and waste of time are some of the problems which are faced by the users. Traffic management is a major problem of traffic department in busy roads within the city. Due to traffic congestion during rush hours in today’s world, ambulances, fire brigade, and other emergency vehicles are stuck in traffic and unable to reach their terminus in period, which results in the loss of human life, loss of property. This article discusses numerous strategies used to improve the global transportation system.
Use of Sustainable Material as Column Filler in Soft Clay Bed Reinforced with Stone Column: Numerical StudySrijan, ; Somra, Kevin; Kharra, Pooja; Singh, Sagar
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012115pmid: N/A
Soil reinforcement is technique to improve the engineering characteristics of soil. For stabilizing the problematic soils (soft clay), a number of strengthening techniques are available, including the employment of thermal techniques, portland cement, lime, fly ash, ground freeing, jet grouting, and prefabricated vertical drains. Similarly, one of the most popular procedures for improving soil is using stone columns, which have been used all over the world to improve structures built on soft clay by increasing their bearing capacity and lowering total and differential settlements. Consolidation is accelerated by the function of stone columns as vertical drains. In this paper, Steel slag, an industrial waste, is used as a column filler material, which can act as a sustainable material and will also address the current environmental concern. Using steel slag for soil stabilization can be an economical and ecologically conscious way to extract solid waste. To explore the various behavioural responses of virgin soft clay beds and clay beds built with stone columns, a numerical analysis was done. Based on the stone column’s deformation criteria and the soft clay bed’s settlement criteria, a comparison between the two was made.
Prediction of Soil Compression Index using SVM and kNNAkshaya, R; Premalatha, K
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012121pmid: N/A
Soil is used both as a building material and as the surface on which construction is carried out hence this demonstrates how important soil is as a material. Therefore, it is vital to evaluate the soil’s characteristics, such as its strength and settlement, before any construction is built on the soil. The most crucial factor that must be established in order to compute soil settlement is compression index, which can be obtained through a laboratory oedometer consolidation test. Numerous empirical correlations were created because the oedometer test is challenging and takes time for determining this parameter. With the development of technology, it has become much simpler to forecast the compression index parameter using a variety of other easy-to-find soil parameters. In this study, the prediction of the compression index has been attempted utilizing machine learning methods such as support vector machines and k-nearest neighbors. In order to forecast the output parameter, compression index, machine learning models use soil index qualities including liquid limit, plasticity index, natural moisture content, and void ratio as the input parameter. There are 359 total data used for analysis from data acquired from various studies. Typically, machine learning models divide the data into training and testing datasets in order to train the model and forecast its performance. As a result, different ratios of data splitting are also utilized when developing the machine learning model. Using measures like mean square error, mean absolute error and correlation coefficient, the model’s performance is assessed. Additionally, this paper also examines the impact of the model-creating parameters.
Snow Cover Variability in the Beas River Basin and its relation with climate parameters during 2007-2018Sunita, ; Gupta, Pardeep Kumar; Gusain, Hemendra Singh; Gill, Anhad Singh; Sidhu, Onkar Singh
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012147pmid: N/A
In the Himalayan zone, snow is a crucial component of cryosphere for efficient use of water resource management. The major objective of this research paper is to analyse snow dynamics in the Beas River basin using MODIS satellite images from 2007-2018, thus revealing important insights into the region’s snow cover variability and its potential impacts on the hydrological cycle. In this paper, the snow cover area (SCA) analysis has been done for the Beas River basin from 2007-2018 using the 8-day improved snow cover product (version 6) Terra-aqua (MOYDGL06*) MODIS sensor images and ERA5 data for winter period i.e., November to April. During the time period, SCA in the region ranged from ~46% (Nov 2016) to ~92% (Feb 2015). SCA and total precipitation were found to be declining at rates of 2.5 km2 and 52.2 cm, respectively. While the average temperature has been rising from 2007 to 2013 at a pace of 0.14°C. Though, SCA decreased at a faster rate of 20.49 km2 and total precipitation decreased at a faster rate of 36.2 cm during 2013-2018. In contrast, the mean temperature increased at a higher rate (0.38 °C). The study finds that SCA and precipitation are falling at a faster rate during 2013-2018. The trend derived from satellite data analysis of SCA was found to be consistent with the climate parameters. The study suggests that climate change is likely a major factor contributing to the observed trends in SCA, total precipitation, and mean temperature. The study also notes that the observed SCA trend is consistent with climate parameters. The paper investigates the fluctuations in SCA from November to April.
Strength Evaluation on Stabilized Sub Grade of MMGSY RoadPatel, Nandan; Priyan, Khadeeja; Solanki, V.P.; Bhatt, Pratiti
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012099pmid: N/A
Village and Other districts’ roads play an important role to establish a link between the private and the commercial sector and it is beneficial for the financial growth of a nation. Govt. intended to upgrade and new construct the Village Road (VR) & Other District Road (ODR) road through Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) & Mukhya Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (MMGSY) since 2000 therefore Structural Analysis is essential for upgrading the existing pavement performance. Conventional practice is based on the lab. outcomes but due to seasonal various required field evolution for getting correct periodic data for up gradation as well as construction of non plan road. Various techniques are available for structural evaluation of pavement. DCP (Dynamic Cone Penetration) test is a well-known practice to evaluate the strength of subsoil on the field. The DCP test is the simplest apparatus designed by Transportation Research laboratory (TRL), UK for on-field strength assessment. Presence research carries out a laboratory and field investigation on the subgrade of MMGSY road of central Gujarat, India, and also focuses on the enhancement of strength of subgrade utilization of nano materials. The relationship of DCP penetration in mm/blow with Field The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) & CBR with resilient modulus of sub grade soil (Mrs) was also established at MMGSY road for structure performance evaluation of the pavement.