Food Science & Nutrition

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3446pmid: N/A

Rauf, Abdur; Akram, Zuneera; Hafeez, Nabia; Khalil, Anees Ahmed; Khalid, Ahood; Hemeg, Hassan A.; Aljohani, Abdullah S. M.; Al Abdulmonem, Waleed; Quradha, Mohammed Mansour; Qahtan, Abdulkader Moqbel Farhan

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4237pmid: 39554340

Cancer, characterized as one of the leading causes of death owing to its heterogeneity and complexity, hence poses a significant challenge to health care system across the globe. Current therapies for cancer curtailment are considered to have associated side effects, therefore discovery of novel alternative approaches is need of the time. In this context, natural products have attained an essential spot in the scientific community for the development of novel cancer treatments. Among others, Diospyrin, a bis‐hydroxy‐naphthoquinonoid, is a vital bioactive component present in various Diospyros and Euclea species. The bioactivity associated with Diospyrin's makes it a promising “lead molecule” for new chemotherapy. In this review, biosynthesis of Diospyrin and its analogues along with their anticancer activities has been discussed. Moreover, this review briefly discusses probable modes of action of Diospyrin and its analogues by targeting the molecular signal transduction pathways. This review also highlights the toxicological and clinical implications of diospyrin and its derivatives. Further pharmacological and pharmacogenetic studies are required to better understand the anticancer potential of Diospyrin and its analogues at the molecular and genetic levels.

Qiu, Wenpei; Wang, Zhicheng; Liu, Qirui; Du, Qiwei; Zeng, Xiaoqun; Wu, Zhen; Pan, Daodong; Zhang, Xiaohong; Tu, Maolin

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4228pmid: 39554349

The number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing worldwide. Since IBD is a chronic disease that seriously affects patients' life quality, preventing and alleviating IBD with natural and less side effect substances has become a research hotspot. Food‐derived bioactive peptides have been an attractive research focus due to their high efficiency and low toxicity. This paper comprehensively summarizes food‐derived peptides with intestinal health effects, focusing on peptide sequences with IBD‐regulatory effects and emphasizing the effects of their structure and physicochemical properties such as peptide length, amino acid composition, and net charge on their function. We also analyzed its regulatory mechanisms, mainly in 5 aspects: modulating the intestinal microbiota, decreasing intestinal epithelial permeability, increasing antioxidant ability, regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and targeting signaling pathways. This review will help establish novel, efficient screening methods for IBD‐regulatory peptides and contribute to further research and discovery of them.

Rahman, Lubna; Talha Khalil, Ali; Ahsan Shahid, Syed; Shinwari, Zabta Khan; Almarhoon, Zainab M.; Alalmaie, Amnah; Sharifi‐Rad, Javad; Calina, Daniela

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4271pmid: 39554345

Diosmin, a potent bioflavonoid derived from citrus fruits, has gained significant attention for its anticancer potential, reflecting a critical need in the ongoing battle against cancer. Amidst increasing cancer incidence, the quest for safer and more effective treatments has brought diosmin to the forefront, given its unique pharmacological profile distinct from other flavonoids. Diosmin's anticancer mechanisms are multifaceted, involving apoptosis induction, angiogenesis inhibition, and metastasis prevention. Extensive research encompassing cellular studies, animal models, and limited clinical trials underscores its efficacy not only against cancer but also in managing chronic venous insufficiency and hemorrhoids, attributing to its anti‐inflammatory properties. Furthermore, diosmin exhibits low toxicity and complements conventional chemotherapy, proposing its utility as an adjunct therapy in cancer treatment protocols. The review delves into the specific anticancer advantages of diosmin, distinguishing it from the broader flavonoid category. It provides a detailed analysis of its implications in preclinical and clinical settings, advocating for its consideration in the oncological therapeutic arsenal. By juxtaposing diosmin with other herbal medicines, the review offers a nuanced perspective on its role within the wider context of natural anticancer agents, emphasizing the need for further clinical research to substantiate its efficacy and safety in oncology.

Hosseini, Hedayat; Mahmoudi, Razzagh; Pakbin, Babak; Manafi, Leila; Hosseini, Setayesh; Pilevar, Zahra; Brück, Wolfram Manuel

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4281pmid: 39554324

Since foodborne diseases are one of the major causes of human hospitalization and death, one of the main challenges to food safety is the elimination or reduction of pathogens from food products throughout the food production chain. Pathogens, such as Salmonella species, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium species, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter species, etc., enter the consumer's body through the consumption of contaminated food and eventually cause disease, disability, and death in humans. In particular, the expression of virulence genes of these pathogens in various food environments containing them has been repeatedly reported, which is a key issue for the survival and pathogenicity of the pathogen. Hence, in this review, the interventions to prevent and control foodborne diseases, such as the application of natural preservatives, redox potential, heat treatments, high‐pressure processing, and gaseous atmosphere, are discussed based on the literature. Moreover, the effects of various environmental conditions on bacterial gene expression are comprehensively reviewed. In conclusion, the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the growth and pathogenicity of bacteria are very complicated. The information obtained from the current study can be used to develop new control strategies, improve food safety, and ensure human health.

Mirzavi, Farshad; Rajabian, Arezoo; Hosseini, Hossein

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4289pmid: 39554322

The anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties of carotenoids from saffron or apocarotenoids (e.g., crocin, safranal, crocetin, and picrocrocin) have prompted research into their benefits. Apocarotenoids seem to be effective compound for the treatment of chronic diseases, such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, cancer, respiratory, and metabolic disorders. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential organelle found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that participates in the biosynthesis of proteins, lipids, and steroid hormones. Given the role of the ER in the regulation of several fundamental biological processes, including metabolic pathways and immune responses, aberrant ER function can have a significant influence on these vital processes and result in serious pathological consequences. Exposure of cell to adverse environmental challenges, such as toxic agents, ischemia, and so on, causes accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, also called ER stress. There is a growing evidence to suggest that ER disturbance in the form of oxidative/nitrosative stress and subsequent apoptotic cell death plays major roles in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, and liver diseases. Apocarotenoids with their unique properties can modulate ER stress through PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP (protein kinase R (PKR)‐like ER kinase/eukaryotic initiation factor 2α/activating transcription factor 4/C/EBP /homologous protein) and X‐Box Binding Protein 1/activating transcription factor 6 (XBP1/ATF6) pathways. In addition, they suppress apoptosis through inhibition of endoplasmic and mitochondrial‐dependent caspase cascade and can stimulate SIRT1 (silent information regulator 1) and Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2) expression, thereby leading to protection against oxidative stress. This review summarizes the potential benefits of apocarotenoids in various ER‐stress‐related disorders.

Ansari, Fereshteh; Pourjafar, Hadi; Samakkhah, Shohreh Alian; Mirzakhani, Esmaeel

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4298pmid: 39554333

There are challenges such as standardization for commercialization and guaranteeing sensory characteristics in camel milk processing. This review gathers a general view of the probiotic camel milk, its contents, its health aspects, and its industrial production. One of the potential candidates of a healthy food product is “probiotic camel milk” which contains several nutritional elements including Lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria and postbiotics such as endopolysaccharides, exopolysaccharides, numerous beneficial enzymes, short‐chain fatty acids, teichoic acids, peptides, peptidoglycan‐derived neuropeptides, cell surface proteins, different vitamins, plasmalogens, and different kinds of organic acids. It should also be considered that camel milk generally has some advantages over cow milk like its health‐beneficial antidiabetic, hypoallergenic, and anticancer properties. As a result, it is gaining much attention from both consumers and manufacturers, and the global probiotic market trend is growing. Although there are obstacles in standardizing processing techniques and maintaining sensory excellence, the health benefits, economic prospects, and adaptability of camel milk and its probiotic variations create a promising avenue for continued research and advancement. Therefore, developing standardized processing techniques and sensory evaluation methods for probiotic camel milk can unlock its full potential as a nutritious beverage, offering a promising solution for consumers seeking healthy and functional food products.

Ahmadi, Negin; Mosleh, Nazanin; Yeganeh, Mahta; Ahmadi, Nadia; Malakouti, Sara; Shahsavari, Saleh; Shahraki, Reza; Katebi, Somaye; Agapoor, Mina; Sadeghi, Sonia; Bagheri, Karim

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4303pmid: 39554363

There is increasing demand for natural food preservative in food manufacturing industry as it is the key to meet consumers' preferences toward healthier food choice. Plant is listed among the most important resources of bioactive components to be utilized as the green and natural food preservatives. There are more than 10,000 kinds of bioactive components in plants that possess antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Artemisia with potential antimicrobial and antioxidant attributes, as well as functional and medicinal properties, is one of the most important plant species. The manuscript presents a comprehensive review of the potential of the Artemisia species as natural food preservatives. The current challenges and ways forward in using Artemisia EOs and extracts as food preservatives are also discussed. This topic is timely and important considering the natural preservatives used to replace chemical ingredients, sustaining quality, healthy properties, and shelf life of food products as well as efficient and novel extraction techniques.

Shahbaz, Muhammad; Naeem, Hammad; Batool, Maryam; Imran, Muhammad; Hussain, Muzzamal; Mujtaba, Ahmed; Alsagaby, Suliman A.; Al Abdulmonem, Waleed; El‐Ghorab, Ahmed H.; Ghoneim, Mohammed M.; Shaker, Mohamed E.; Abdelgawad, Mohamed A.; Al Jbawi, Entessar

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4312pmid: 39554357

Chowdhury, Raihan; Bhuia, Md. Shimul; Al Hasan, Md. Sakib; Hossain Snigdha, Shadid; Afrin, Sadia; Büsselberg, Dietrich; Habtemariam, Solomon; Sönmez Gürer, Eda; Sharifi‐Rad, Javad; Ahmed Aldahish, Afaf; Аkhtayeva, Nursulu; Islam, Muhammad Torequl

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4318pmid: 39554337

Cancer is a collection of illnesses characterized by aberrant cellular proliferation that can infiltrate or metastasize to distant anatomical sites, posing a notable threat to human well‐being due to its substantial morbidity and death rates worldwide. The potential of plant‐derived natural compounds as anticancer medicines has been assessed owing to their favorable attributes of few side effects and significant antitumor activity. Mangrove plants and their derived compounds have been scientifically shown to exhibit many significant beneficial biological activities, such as anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective properties. This study summarized mangrove plants and their derived compounds as potential anticancer agents, with an emphasis on the underlying molecular mechanisms. To explore this, we gathered data on the preclinical (in vivo and in vitro) anticancer effects of mangrove plants and their derived compounds from reputable literature spanning 2000 to 2023. We conducted thorough searches in various academic databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, Scopus, and the Web of Science. The results demonstrated that mangrove plants and their derived compounds have promising anticancer properties in preclinical pharmacological test systems through various molecular mechanisms, including induction of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, autophagy, antiproliferative, antimetastatic, and other miscellaneous actions. Upon thorough observation of the pertinent information, it is suggested that mangrove plants and their derived chemicals may serve as a potential lead in the development of novel drugs for cancer therapy.