Key PointsQuestionHow can considerations of spirituality guide health care and health outcomes? FindingsA systematic review and a multidisciplinary Delphi panel assessed the evidence regarding spirituality and health, developed 16 evidence statements, and offered 6 implications regarding incorporation of spirituality in the care of patients with serious illness and in health outcomes. MeaningThis systematic review and process, based on the highest-quality evidence available and expert review, led to consensus-suggested implications for how to address spirituality in serious illness and health outcomes.