TY - JOUR
AU - McCartt, Jason C.
AB - IntroductionTension pneumoperitoneum (TPP) is a critical and potentially life‐threatening condition characterized by the accumulation of free air within the peritoneal cavity and end‐organ dysfunction or hemodynamic compromise [1]. Air accumulation can lead to increased intra‐abdominal pressure (IAP) and intra‐abdominal hypertension (IAH) resulting in a condition mimicking abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) [2]. Similar to ACS, TPP is associated with significant morbidity and mortality if not promptly diagnosed and managed [1, 2]. TPP differs from non‐specific pneumoperitoneum due to either markers of end‐organ dysfunction or the presence of hemodynamic compromise [3]. Increased intra‐abdominal gas leads to hemodynamic instability and cardiopulmonary collapse when IAP overcomes venous return to the heart [1, 3, 4].Various etiologies have been associated with the development of TPP. Iatrogenic causes, including those associated with radiologic or endoscopic procedures, are a well described inciting event [5, 6]. However, medical, traumatic, and idiopathic reports highlight this clinical scenario in the setting of both perforated and non‐perforated pathologies [1–3, 7]. Management strategies differ based on inciting incidents, patient stability, and available resources. Immediate abdominal decompression is often performed as an emergency measure to relieve IAH or ACS and allows for temporary stabilization [1, 3, 4]. However, operative intervention may still be 
TI - Tension Pneumoperitoneum: A Comprehensive Review of Etiologies, Diagnosis, and Management Strategies
JF - World Journal of Surgery
DO - 10.1002/wjs.12669
DA - 2025-07-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/wiley/tension-pneumoperitoneum-a-comprehensive-review-of-etiologies-8Bvfhbc3ZI
SP - 1803
EP - 1810
VL - 49
IS - 7
DP - DeepDyve
ER -