TY - JOUR
AU1 - Nasif, Gus
AU2 - Barron, R.M.
AU3 - Balachandar, Ram
AU4 - Villafuerte, Julio
AB - Application of cold spray technology may exhibit significant benefits for the additive manufacturing process, particularly for producing intricate objects. To ascertain the feasibility of such an application, this paper aims to present a numerical investigation of the effect of scaling down a convergent-divergent (de Laval) nozzle, which is typically used in the cold spray industry, on the compressible flow parameters and thermal characteristics.Design/methodology/approachThe Navier–Stokes equations and energy equation governing compressible flow are numerically solved using a finite volume method with a coupled solver. The conjugate heat transfer technique is used to couple fluid and solid heat transfer domains and predict the local heat transfer coefficient between the solid and fluid. The use of various RANS turbulence models has also been investigated to quantify the effect of the turbulence model on the simulation.FindingsThe numerical results reveal that the flow and thermal characteristics are altered as the convergent-divergent nozzle is scaled down. The static pressure and temperature profiles at any section in the nozzle are shifted toward higher values, while the Mach number profile at any section in the nozzle is shifted toward a lower Mach number. The turbulent kinetic energy at the nozzle exit increases with the scaling down of the nozzle geometry. This study also provides convincing evidence that the adiabatic approach is still suitable even though the temperature of the nozzle wall is extremely high, as required for industrial application. Results indicate that it is feasible to use the available capabilities of the cold spray technology for additive manufacturing after scaling down the nozzle.Originality/valueThe idea of adopting cold spray technology for additive manufacturing is new and innovative. To develop this idea into a viable commercial product, a thorough understanding of the flow physics within a cold spray nozzle is required. The simulation results discussed in this paper demonstrate the effect that scaling down of a convergent-divergent nozzle has on the flow characteristics in the nozzle.
TI - Numerical assessment of miniaturized cold spray nozzle for additive manufacturing
JF - International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow
DO - 10.1108/hff-10-2018-0553
DA - 2019-08-30
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/emerald-publishing/numerical-assessment-of-miniaturized-cold-spray-nozzle-for-additive-PAByFsy0yb
SP - 2277
EP - 2296
VL - 29
IS - 7
DP - DeepDyve
ER -