TY - JOUR
AU1 - Reyna, Valerie F.
AU2 - Estrada, Steven M.
AU3 - DeMarinis, Jessica A.
AU4 - Myers, Regina M.
AU5 - Stanisz, Janine M.
AU6 - Mills, Britain A.
AB - Predictions offuzzy-trace theory and neurobiological approaches are examined regarding risktaking in a classic decision-making task—the framing task—as well asin the context of real-life risk taking. We report the 1st study of framingeffects in adolescents versus adults, varying risk and reward, and relatechoices to individual differences, sexual behavior, and behavioral intentions.As predicted by fuzzy-trace theory, adolescents modulated risk taking accordingto risk and reward. Adults showed standard framing, reflecting greater emphasison gist-based (qualitative) reasoning, but adolescents displayed reverse framingwhen potential gains for risk taking were high, reflecting greater emphasis onverbatim-based (quantitative) reasoning. Reverse framing signals a different wayof thinking compared with standard framing (reverse framing also differs fromsimply choosing the risky option). Measures of verbatim- and gist-basedreasoning about risk, sensation seeking, behavioral activation, and inhibitionwere used to extract dimensions of risk proneness: Sensation seeking increasedand then decreased, whereas inhibition increased from early adolescence to youngadulthood, predicted by neurobiological theories. Two additional dimensions,verbatim- and gist-based reasoning about risk, loaded separately and predictedunique variance in risk taking. Importantly, framing responses predictedreal-life risk taking. Reasoning was the most consistent predictor of real-liferisk taking: (a) Intentions to have sex, sexual behavior, and number of partnersdecreased when gist-based reasoning was triggered by retrieval cues in questionsabout perceived risk, whereas (b) intentions to have sex and number of partnersincreased when verbatim-based reasoning was triggered by different retrievalcues in questions about perceived risk.
TI - Neurobiological and Memory Models of Risky Decision Making in Adolescents Versus Young Adults
JF - Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition
DO - 10.1037/a0023943
DA - 2011-09-27
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/american-psychological-association/neurobiological-and-memory-models-of-risky-decision-making-in-rp0ZHjP6F4
SP - 1125
EP - 1142
VL - 37
IS - 5
DP - DeepDyve
ER -