TY - JOUR
AU1 - McGee, Hall T
AU2 - Fraunfelder, FW
AB - Topical ocular anesthesia has been part of ophthalmology for more than a century. The most commonly used drugs today are proparacaine, tetracaine, benoxinate (oxybuprocaine) cocaine and lidocaine. Although generally well tolerated, all these can be toxic, particularly when abused. The most common toxicities are to the ocular surface, but abuse can cause deep corneal infiltrates, ulceration and even perforation. Fortunately, systemic side effects are rare. Cocaine is unique for its higher incidence of systemic side effects and high abuse potential, both of which impede its clinical use. When used appropriately, all these drugs are remarkably safe. They are generally not prescribed for home use, as prolonged abuse of these drugs can be expected to result in serious complications.
TI - Toxicities of topical ophthalmic anesthetics
JF - Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
DO - 10.1517/14740338.6.6.637
DA - 2007-11-01
UR - https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/taylor-francis/toxicities-of-topical-ophthalmic-anesthetics-z1s4qb4DEH
SP - 637
EP - 640
VL - 6
IS - 6
DP - DeepDyve
ER -