Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
L. Glassberg, S. Hooper, R. Mattison (1999)
Prevalence of Learning Disabilities at Enrollment in Special Education Students with Behavioral DisordersBehavioral Disorders, 25
M. Epstein, D. Cullinan (1983)
Academic Performance of Behaviorally Disordered and Learning-Disabled PupilsJournal of Special Education, 17
B. Blachman, E. Ball, Rochella Black, Darlene Tangel (2000)
Road to the Code: A Phonological Awareness Program for Young Children.
Deborah Simmons, E. Kameenui (1998)
What Reading Research Tells Us about Children with Diverse Learning Needs: Bases and Basics. The LEA Series on Special Education and Disability.
R. Gersten, Joanna Williams, L. Fuchs, S. Baker, D. Koppenhaver, Stephanie Spadorcia, Melody Harrison (1998)
Improving Reading Comprehension for Children with Disabilities: A Review of Research. Final Report.
D. Langenberg (2000)
Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction
J. Ysseldyke, S. Christenson, M. Thurlow, D. Bakewell (1989)
Are different kinds of instructional tasks used by different categories of students in different settingsSchool Psychology Review, 18
R. Gersten, Ellen Schiller, S. Vaughn (2000)
The Professional Knowledge Base on Instructional Practices That Support Cognitive Growth for English- Language Learners
S. Vaughn, M. Hughes, J. Schumm, J. Klingner (1998)
A Collaborative Effort to Enhance Reading and Writing Instruction in Inclusion ClassroomsLearning Disability Quarterly, 21
Rollanda O'Connor (1999)
Teachers Learning Ladders to LiteracyLearning Disabilities Research and Practice, 14
C. Bos, N. Mather, R. Narr, Nalan Babür (1999)
Interactive, Collaborative Professional Development in Early Literacy Instruction: Supporting the Balancing Act.Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 14
G. Leinhardt, N. Zigmond, W. Cooley (1981)
Reading Instruction and Its EffectsAmerican Educational Research Journal, 18
H. Cooper (1998)
Synthesizing Research: A Guide for Literature Reviews
H. Swanson, Maureen Hoskyn (1998)
Experimental Intervention Research on Students with Learning Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis of Treatment OutcomesReview of Educational Research, 68
J. Torgesen, Ann Alexander, R. Wagner, C. Rashotte, K. Voeller, T. Conway (2001)
Intensive Remedial Instruction for Children with Severe Reading DisabilitiesJournal of Learning Disabilities, 34
S. Vaughn, J. Klingner (1998)
Students' Perceptions of Inclusion and Resource Room SettingsThe Journal of Special Education, 32
S. Vaughn, S. Moody, J. Schumm (1998)
Broken Promises: Reading Instruction in the Resource RoomExceptional Children, 64
M. Pressley (1998)
Reading Instruction That Works: The Case for Balanced Teaching
M. Coleman, S. Vaughn (2000)
Reading Interventions for Students with Emotional/Behavioral DisordersBehavioral Disorders, 25
J. Ysseldyke, P. O'Sullivan, M. Thurlow, S. Christenson (1989)
Qualitative Differences in Reading and Math Instruction Received by Handicapped StudentsRemedial and Special Education, 10
P. O'Sullivan, J. Ysseldyke, S. Christenson, M. Thurlow (1990)
Mildly Handicapped Elementary Students' Opportunity to Learn during Reading Instruction in Mainstream and Special Education Settings.Reading Research Quarterly, 25
J. Greenhouse, S. Iyengar (1994)
Sensitivity analysis and diagnostics.
G. Fernald (1943)
Remedial Techniques in Basic School Subjects
S. Moody, S. Vaughn, M. Hughes, M. Fischer (2000)
Reading Instruction in the Resource Room: Set up for FailureExceptional Children, 66
G. Lyon (1995)
Research Initiatives in Learning Disabilities: Contributions from Scientists Supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentJournal of Child Neurology, 10
S. Forness, L. Bennett, J. Tose (1983)
Academic deficits in emotionally disturbed children revisited.Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 22 2
P. McMichael (1979)
The hen or the egg? Which comes first--antisocial emotional disorders or reading disability?The British journal of educational psychology, 49 3
H. Swanson (1999)
Instructional components that predict treatment outcomes for students with learning disabilities
Patricia Mathes, L. Fuchs (1991)
The Efficacy of Peer Tutoring in Reading for Students with Disabilities: A Best-Evidence Synthesis.
P. Frick, R. Kamphaus, B. Lahey, R. Loeber, M. Christ, E. Hart, Lynne Tannenbaum (1991)
Academic underachievement and the disruptive behavior disorders.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 59 2
S. Hinshaw (1992)
Externalizing behavior problems and academic underachievement in childhood and adolescence: causal relationships and underlying mechanisms.Psychological bulletin, 111 1
N. Zigmond, J. Baker (1995)
Concluding CommentsThe Journal of Special Education, 29
T. Scruggs, M. Mastropieri (1986)
Academic Characteristics of Behaviorally Disordered and Learning Disabled StudentsBehavioral Disorders, 11
Ruth Mcintosh, S. Vaughn, J. Schumm, Diane Haager, Okhee Lee (1993)
Observations of Students with Learning Disabilities in General Education ClassroomsExceptional Children, 60
Philip Gough, W. Tunmer (1986)
Decoding, Reading, and Reading DisabilityRemedial and Special Education, 7
T. Scruggs, M. Mastropieri, Lori Richter (1985)
Peer Tutoring with Behaviorally Disordered Students: Social and Academic BenefitsBehavioral Disorders, 10
N. Zigmond, J. Baker (1994)
Is the Mainstream a More Appropriate Educational Setting for Randy? A Case Study of One Student with Learning Disabilities.Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 9
J. Ysseldyke, M. Thurlow, S. Christenson, Jill Weiss (1987)
Time Allocated to Instruction of Mentally Retarded, Learning Disabled, Emotionally Disturbed, and Nonhandicapped Elementary StudentsThe Journal of Special Education, 21
J. Ysseldyke (1989)
Teaching Structures and Tasks in Reading Instruction for Students with Mild Handicaps., 4
G. Leinhardt, A. Seewald (1980)
Student-Level Observation of Beginning Reading Manual.
J. Klingner, S. Vaughn (1999)
Students' Perceptions of Instruction in Inclusion Classrooms: Implications for Students with Learning DisabilitiesExceptional Children, 66
J. Kauffman, D. Cullinan, M. Epstein (1987)
Characteristics of Students Placed in Special Programs for the Seriously Emotionally DisturbedBehavioral Disorders, 12
G. Sugai, T. Lewis-Palmer, Shanna Hagan-Burke (2000)
Overview of the Functional Behavioral Assessment ProcessExceptionality, 8
B. Elbaum, S. Vaughn, M. Hughes, S. Moody (1999)
Grouping Practices and Reading Outcomes for Students with DisabilitiesExceptional Children, 65
L. Gelzheiser, J. Meyers (1991)
Reading Instruction By Classroom, Remedial, And Resource Room TeachersThe Journal of Special Education, 24
N. Mather, C. Bos, Nalan Babur (2001)
Perceptions and Knowledge of Preservice and Inservice Teachers About Early Literacy InstructionJournal of Learning Disabilities, 34
J. Ysseldyke, M. Thurlow, Carol Mecklenburg, J. Graden (1984)
Opportunity to Learn for Regular and Special Education Students During Reading InstructionRemedial and Special Education, 5
R. Allington, Anne Mcgill-Franzen (1989)
School Response to Reading Failure: Instruction for Chapter 1 and Special Education Students in Grades Two, Four, and EightThe Elementary School Journal, 89
L. Moats (1994)
The missing foundation in teacher education: Knowledge of the structure of spoken and written languageAnnals of Dyslexia, 44
Rollanda O'Connor, J. Jenkins (1996)
Cooperative Learning as an Inclusion Strategy: A Closer LookExceptionality, 6
F. Vellutino, D. Scanlon, G. Lyon (2000)
Differentiating Between Difficult-to-Remediate and Readily Remediated Poor ReadersJournal of Learning Disabilities, 33
S. Vaughn, R. Gersten, D. Chard (2000)
The Underlying Message in LD Intervention Research: Findings from Research SynthesesExceptional Children, 67
C. Snow, M. Burns, P. Griffin (1998)
Preventing reading difficulties in young children
S. Vaughn, C. Bos (1988)
Strategies for Teaching Students with Learning and Behavior Problems
J. Torgesen, R. Wagner, C. Rashotte, E. Rose, P. Lindamood, T. Conway, C. Garvan (1999)
Preventing reading failure in young children with phonological processing disabilities: Group and individual responses to instruction.Journal of Educational Psychology, 91
M. Haynes, J. Jenkins (1986)
Reading Instruction in Special Education Resource Rooms, 23
K. Stanovich (2000)
Progress in Understanding Reading: Scientific Foundations and New Frontiers
D. McCutchen, V. Berninger (1999)
Those Who Know, Teach Well: Helping Teachers Master Literacy-Related Subject-Matter KnowledgeLearning Disabilities Research and Practice, 14
James Harris, Susanne King, J. Reifler, Leon Rosenberg (1984)
Emotional and learning disorders in 6-12-year-old boys attending special schools.Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 23 4
G. Fuller, D. Goh (1981)
Intelligence, Achievement, and Visual-Motor Performance among Learning Disabled and Emotionally Impaired Children.Psychology in the Schools, 18
C. Rashotte, J. Torgesen (1985)
Repeated reading and reading fluency in learning disabled children.Reading Research Quarterly, 20
This article synthesizes previous observation studies conducted during reading with students with learning disabilities (LD) and emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD). A systematic search of all research conducted between 1975 and 2000 yielded a total of 16 studies (11 independent samples) that met all preestablished criteria. These studies yielded several findings: (a) There was substantial time allocated for reading instruction, though the time varied based on whether students were in special education or general education or both; (b) students were provided more individual and group instruction in special education; (c) the quality of reading instruction was low, overall, with excessive time allocated to waiting and limited time allocated to actual reading of text; and (d) independent seatwork and worksheets consumed large amounts of time allocated for reading. Only a small percentage of students with EBD were participants in the studies. The findings should be interpreted as generalizable primarily for students with learning disabilities. Overall concern about the quality of reading instruction was discussed, as well as future implications for professional development for teachers and instruction for students.
The Journal of Special Education – SAGE
Published: May 1, 2002
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.