Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 7-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways in TGF-β family signalling

Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways in TGF-β family signalling Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) proteins regulate cell function, and have key roles in development and carcinogenesis. The intracellular effectors of TGF-β signalling, the Smad proteins, are activated by receptors and translocate into the nucleus, where they regulate transcription. Although this pathway is inherently simple, combinatorial interactions in the heteromeric receptor and Smad complexes, receptor-interacting and Smad-interacting proteins, and cooperation with sequence-specific transcription factors allow substantial versatility and diversification of TGF-β family responses. Other signalling pathways further regulate Smad activation and function. In addition, TGF-β receptors activate Smad-independent pathways that not only regulate Smad signalling, but also allow Smad-independent TGF-β responses. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Nature Springer Journals

Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways in TGF-β family signalling

Nature , Volume 425 (6958) – Oct 9, 2003

Loading next page...
 
/lp/springer-journals/smad-dependent-and-smad-independent-pathways-in-tgf-family-signalling-BskvFLiLox

References (114)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2003 by Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
Subject
Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinary; Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinary; Science, multidisciplinary
ISSN
0028-0836
eISSN
1476-4687
DOI
10.1038/nature02006
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) proteins regulate cell function, and have key roles in development and carcinogenesis. The intracellular effectors of TGF-β signalling, the Smad proteins, are activated by receptors and translocate into the nucleus, where they regulate transcription. Although this pathway is inherently simple, combinatorial interactions in the heteromeric receptor and Smad complexes, receptor-interacting and Smad-interacting proteins, and cooperation with sequence-specific transcription factors allow substantial versatility and diversification of TGF-β family responses. Other signalling pathways further regulate Smad activation and function. In addition, TGF-β receptors activate Smad-independent pathways that not only regulate Smad signalling, but also allow Smad-independent TGF-β responses.

Journal

NatureSpringer Journals

Published: Oct 9, 2003

There are no references for this article.