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- Publisher
- Springer Journals
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2015 by University of Science and Technology Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
- Subject
- Material Science; Materials Science, general; Metallic Materials; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Methods; Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films; Tribology, Corrosion and Coatings
- ISSN
- 1674-4799
- eISSN
- 1869-103X
- DOI
- 10.1007/s12613-015-1056-4
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
An in situ and ex situ reinforced powder metallurgy (PM) steel was prepared by the combination of high-energy ball milling and subsequent hot pressing of elemental mixed powders of Fe-10Cr-1Cu-1Ni-1Mo-2C by mass with the addition of NbC particles. A 40-h milling pretreatment makes the powder particles nearly equiaxed with an average diameter of ∼8 μm, and the ferrite grain size is refined to ∼6 nm. The sintered density reaches 99.0%–99.7% of the theoretical value when the sintering is conducted at temperatures greater than 1000°C for 30 min. In the sintered bulk specimens, the formation of an in situ M7C3 (M = Cr, Fe, Mo) phase is confirmed. M7C3 carbides with several hundred nanometers in size are uniformly distributed in the matrix. Some ultra-fine second phases of 50–200 nm form around the ex situ NbC and in situ M7C3 particles. The sintered steel exhibits an excellent combination of hardness (> Hv 500) and compressive strength (2100–2420 MPa).
Journal
International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials – Springer Journals
Published: Jan 29, 2015