/lp/annual-reviews/the-evolution-of-resistance-and-tolerance-to-herbivores-Ldo3LlXohS
References
References for this paper are not available at this time. We will be adding them shortly, thank you for your patience.
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2007 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
- ISSN
- 0066-4162
- DOI
- 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.38.091206.095822
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Tolerance and resistance are two different plant defense strategies against herbivores. Empirical evidence in natural populations reveals that individual plants allocate resources simultaneously to both strategies, thus plants exhibit a mixed pattern of defense. In this review we examine the conditions that promote the evolutionary stability of mixed defense strategies in the light of available empirical and theoretical evidence. Given that plant tolerance and resistance are heritable and subject to environmentally dependent selection and genetic constraints, the joint evolution of tolerance and resistance is analyzed, with consideration of multiple species interactions and the plant mating system. The existence of mixed defense strategies in plants makes it necessary to re-explore the coevolutionary process between plants and herbivores, which centered historically on resistance as the only defensive mechanism. In addition, we recognize briefly the potential use of plant tolerance for pest management. Finally, we highlight unresolved issues for future development in this field of evolutionary ecology.
Journal
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics – Annual Reviews
Published: Dec 1, 2007