Studying lives through time: Personality and development.The structure of personality traits: Vertical and horizontal aspects.
Abstract
Contrasts hierarchical and vertical representations of the language of traits that is at the heart of much of the study of personality development. The author concludes that although both structural representations have their merits, a horizontal approach--which considers the relative similarities of traits at the same level of generality--is superior for providing a theoretical explanation of the meaning of traits. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)