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Cognitive switching processes in young people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Cognitive switching processes in young people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder AbstractPatients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be slow at switching between stimuli, or between sets of stimuli to control behaviour appropriate to changing situations. We examined clinical and experimental parameters that may influence the speed of such processes measured in the trail-making (TMT) and switch-tasks in cases with ADHD combined type, their non-affected siblings and unrelated healthy controls. The latency for completion of the trail-making task controlling for psychomotor processing (TMT-B–A) was longer for ADHD cases, and correlated with Conners' ratings of symptom severity across all subjects. The effect decreased with age. Switch-task responses to questions of “Which number?” and “How many?” between sets of 1/111 or 3/333 elicited differential increases in latency with condition that affected all groups. But there was evidence for increased symptom-related intra-individual variability among the ADHD cases, and across all subjects. Young siblings showed familiality for some measures of TMT and switch-task performance but these were modest. The potential influences of moderator variables on the efficiency of processing stimulus change rather than the speed of processing are discussed. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology Oxford University Press

Cognitive switching processes in young people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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References (46)

Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
© Published by Oxford University Press.
ISSN
0887-6177
eISSN
1873-5843
DOI
10.1016/j.acn.2007.09.002
pmid
17976951
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

AbstractPatients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be slow at switching between stimuli, or between sets of stimuli to control behaviour appropriate to changing situations. We examined clinical and experimental parameters that may influence the speed of such processes measured in the trail-making (TMT) and switch-tasks in cases with ADHD combined type, their non-affected siblings and unrelated healthy controls. The latency for completion of the trail-making task controlling for psychomotor processing (TMT-B–A) was longer for ADHD cases, and correlated with Conners' ratings of symptom severity across all subjects. The effect decreased with age. Switch-task responses to questions of “Which number?” and “How many?” between sets of 1/111 or 3/333 elicited differential increases in latency with condition that affected all groups. But there was evidence for increased symptom-related intra-individual variability among the ADHD cases, and across all subjects. Young siblings showed familiality for some measures of TMT and switch-task performance but these were modest. The potential influences of moderator variables on the efficiency of processing stimulus change rather than the speed of processing are discussed.

Journal

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology – Oxford University Press

Published: Jan 1, 2008

Keywords: ADHD Attention Heritability Risk Siblings Set Switch Trail-making

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