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B. Baker, S. Lot, T. Condon, S. Cheng-Flournoy, E. Lesnik, H. Sasmor, C. Bennett (1997)
2′-O-(2-Methoxy)ethyl-modified Anti-intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) Oligonucleotides Selectively Increase the ICAM-1 mRNA Level and Inhibit Formation of the ICAM-1 Translation Initiation Complex in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells*The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272
Robert Hudziak, E. Barofsky, D. Barofsky, D. Weller, Sung-Ben Huang, Dwight Weller (1996)
Resistance of morpholino phosphorodiamidate oligomers to enzymatic degradation.Antisense & nucleic acid drug development, 6 4
G. Bonora, E. Ivanova, V. Zarytova, B. Burcovich, F. Veronese (1997)
Synthesis and characterization of high-molecular mass polyethylene glycol-conjugated oligonucleotides.Bioconjugate chemistry, 8 6
S. Crooke, C. Bennett (1996)
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P. Scacheri, O. Rozenblatt-Rosen, N. Caplen, T. Wolfsberg, L. Umayam, Jeffrey Lee, C. Hughes, K. Shanmugam, Arindam Bhattacharjee, M. Meyerson, F. Collins (2004)
Short interfering RNAs can induce unexpected and divergent changes in the levels of untargeted proteins in mammalian cellsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101
Yan Zeng, B. Cullen (2002)
RNA interference in human cells is restricted to the cytoplasm.RNA, 8 7
O. Milhavet, D. Gary, M. Mattson (2003)
RNA Interference in Biology and MedicinePharmacological Reviews, 55
R. Schiffelers, M. Woodle, P. Scaria (2004)
Pharmaceutical Prospects for RNA InterferencePharmaceutical Research, 21
K. Karikó, Prakash Bhuyan, John Capodici, D. Weissman (2004)
Small Interfering RNAs Mediate Sequence-Independent Gene Suppression and Induce Immune Activation by Signaling through Toll-Like Receptor 31The Journal of Immunology, 172
Y. Takakura, M. Hashida (1996)
Macromolecular Carrier Systems for Targeted Drug Delivery: Pharmacokinetic Considerations on BiodistributionPharmaceutical Research, 13
K. Vasquez, P. Glazer (2002)
Triplex-forming oligonucleotides: principles and applicationsQuarterly Reviews of Biophysics, 35
M. Rusckowski, T. Qu, A. Roskey, S. Agrawal (2000)
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M. Lee, S. Han, K. Ko, J. Koh, J. Park, J. Yoon, S. Kim (2001)
Repression of GAD autoantigen expression in pancreas beta-Cells by delivery of antisense plasmid/PEG-g-PLL complex.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 4 4
P. Iversen, V. Arora, AJ Acker, D. Mason, G. Devi (2003)
Efficacy of antisense morpholino oligomer targeted to c-myc in prostate cancer xenograft murine model and a Phase I safety study in humans.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 9 7
Richard Geary, Janet Leeds, J. Fitchett, T. Burckin, L. Truong, Charles Spainhour, Moire Creek, Arthur Levin (1997)
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism in mice of a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide antisense inhibitor of C-raf-1 kinase expression.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 25 11
Excellent research paper on renal disposition of ODNs
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first antisense drug
Q. Hu, M. Bally, T. Madden (2002)
Subcellular trafficking of antisense oligonucleotides and down-regulation of bcl-2 gene expression in human melanoma cells using a fusogenic liposome delivery system.Nucleic acids research, 30 16
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Uptake characteristics of Mahato, Cheng & Guntaka Expert Opin
M. Rest, R. Garrone (1991)
Collagen family of proteinsThe FASEB Journal, 5
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S. Verma, F. Eckstein (1998)
Modified oligonucleotides: synthesis and strategy for users.Annual review of biochemistry, 67
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Small RNAs Make Big SplashScience, 298
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Oligodeoxynucleoside phosphorothioate stability in subcellular extracts, culture media, sera and cerebrospinal fluid.Journal of biochemical and biophysical methods, 20 3
A. Nori, K. Jensen, M. Tijerina, P. Kopečková, J. Kopeček (2003)
Tat-conjugated synthetic macromolecules facilitate cytoplasmic drug delivery to human ovarian carcinoma cells.Bioconjugate chemistry, 14 1
Excellent research work demonstrating that the two strands of an siRNA duplex are not equally eligible for assembly into RISC
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siDirect: highly effective, target-specific siRNA design software for mammalian RNA interferenceNucleic acids research, 32 Web Server issue
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Morpholino antisense oligomers: the case for an RNase H-independent structural type.Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1489 1
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Targeted delivery of oligodeoxynucleotides to parenchymal liver cells in vivo.The Biochemical journal, 340 ( Pt 3)
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Cell-type specific and ligand specific enhancement of cellular uptake of oligodeoxynucleoside methylphosphonates covalently linked with a neoglycopeptide, YEE(ah-GalNAc)3.Bioconjugate chemistry, 6 6
Y. Rojanasakul, D. Weissman, Xianglin Shi, V. Castranova, Joseph Ma, W. Liang (1997)
Antisense Inhibition of Silica-induced Tumor Necrosis Factor in Alveolar Macrophages*The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272
S. Crooke (2000)
Progress in antisense technology: the end of the beginning.Methods in enzymology, 313
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Interactions of antisense DNA oligonucleotide analogs with phospholipid membranes (liposomes).Nucleic acids research, 19 20
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Structural requirements for cationic lipid mediated phosphorothioate oligonucleotides delivery to cells in culture.Journal of drug targeting, 5 3
•• Excellent review on nucleic acid-based therapeutics
B. Neuman, D. Stein, A. Kroeker, A. Paulino, H. Moulton, P. Iversen, M. Buchmeier (2004)
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E. Devroe, P. Silver (2002)
Retrovirus-delivered siRNABMC Biotechnology, 2
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Mechanism of intermolecular purine-purine-pyrimidine triple helix stabilization by comb-type polylysine graft copolymer at physiologic potassium concentration.Bioconjugate chemistry, 11 4
R. Mahato, Y. Takakura, M. Hashida (1997)
Development of targeted delivery systems for nucleic acid drugs.Journal of drug targeting, 4 6
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V. Arora, Derek Knapp, M. Reddy, D. Weller, P. Iversen (2002)
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Use of adeno-associated viral vector for delivery of small interfering RNAOncogene, 22
Jason Micklefield (2001)
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Antisense Oligonucleotides with Different BackbonesThe Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274
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Selective elimination of mRNAs in vivo: complementary oligodeoxynucleotides promote RNA degradation by an RNase H-like activity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 84 22
M. Seidman, P. Glazer (2003)
The potential for gene repair via triple helix formation.The Journal of clinical investigation, 112 4
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Antisense oligonucleotides delivered to the lysosome escape and actively inhibit the hepatitis B virus.Bioconjugate chemistry, 13 5
J. Summerton, D. Weller (1997)
Morpholino antisense oligomers: design, preparation, and properties.Antisense & nucleic acid drug development, 7 3
D. An, Yi-ming Xie, S. Mao, K. Morizono, S. Kung, I. Chen (2003)
Efficient lentiviral vectors for short hairpin RNA delivery into human cells.Human gene therapy, 14 12
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In vivo toxicological effects of rel A antisense phosphorothioates in CD-1 mice.Antisense research and development, 4 2
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Oligonucleotide conjugates in antisense technology; in Crooke ST (ed):Antisense Drug Technology
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H. Moulton, Michelle Hase, Kristen Smith, P. Iversen (2003)
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T. Brummelkamp, R. Bernards, R. Agami (2002)
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S. Agrawal, E. Kandimalla (2002)
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D. Stuart, T. Allen (2000)
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J. Lieberman, Erwei Song, Sang-Kyung Lee, P. Shankar (2003)
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H. Matta, Berdymammet Hozayev, R. Tomar, P. Chugh, P. Chaudhary (2003)
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P. Sazani, F. Gemignani, S. Kang, M. Maier, M. Manoharan, M. Persmark, D. Bortner, R. Kole (2002)
Systemically delivered antisense oligomers upregulate gene expression in mouse tissuesNature Biotechnology, 20
A. Dalpke, S. Zimmermann, K. Heeg (2002)
Immunopharmacology of CpG DNA, 383
J. Jeong, S. Kim, T. Park (2003)
A new antisense oligonucleotide delivery system based on self-assembled ODN-PEG hybrid conjugate micelles.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 93 2
A. Thierry, E. Vivés, J. Richard, P. Prévot, C. Martinand-Mari, I. Robbins, B. Lebleu (2003)
Cellular uptake and intracellular fate of antisense oligonucleotides.Current opinion in molecular therapeutics, 5 2
G. Lukács, P. Haggie, O. Seksek, D. Lechardeur, N. Freedman, A. Verkman (2000)
Size-dependent DNA Mobility in Cytoplasm and Nucleus*The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275
Arthur Krieg (2000)
Immune effects and mechanisms of action of CpG motifs.Vaccine, 19 6
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Phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides: what is their origin and what is unique about them?Antisense & nucleic acid drug development, 10 2
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Competitive triplex/quadruplex equilibria involving guanine-rich oligonucleotides.Biochemistry, 34 1
P. Payette, H. Davis, A. Krieg (2002)
Role of CpG motifs in immunostimulation and gene expression
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siRNAs generated by recombinant human Dicer induce specific and significant but target site-independent gene silencing in human cells.Nucleic acids research, 31 3
J. Dagle, D. Weeks, J. Walder (1991)
Pathways of degradation and mechanism of action of antisense oligonucleotides in Xenopus laevis embryos.Antisense research and development, 1 1
M. Nakanishi, K. Weber, R. Guntaka (1998)
Triple helix formation with the promoter of human alpha1(I) procollagen gene by an antiparallel triplex-forming oligodeoxyribonucleotide.Nucleic acids research, 26 22
S. Vinogradov, T. Bronich, Alexander Kabanov (1998)
Self-assembly of polyamine-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers with phosphorothioate oligonucleotides.Bioconjugate chemistry, 9 6
J. Opalinska, A. Gewirtz (2002)
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L. Lacroix, Paola Arimondo, M. Takasugi, Claude Hélène, J. Mergny (2000)
Pyrimidine morpholino oligonucleotides form a stable triple helix in the absence of magnesium ions.Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 270 2
J. Kurreck (2003)
Antisense technologies. Improvement through novel chemical modifications.European journal of biochemistry, 270 8
J. Schlepper-Schäfer, D. Hülsmann, A. Djovkar, H. Meyer, L. Herbertz, H. Kolb, V. Kolb‐Bachofen (1986)
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Characterization of oligonucleotide transport into living cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 86 10
C. Brus, H. Petersen, A. Aigner, F. Czubayko, T. Kissel (2004)
Physicochemical and biological characterization of polyethylenimine-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymers as a delivery system for oligonucleotides and ribozymes.Bioconjugate chemistry, 15 4
R. DeLong, A. Nolting, M. Fisher, Q. Chen, E. Wickstrom, M. Kligshteyn, S. Demirdji, M. Caruthers, R. Juliano (1997)
Comparative pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and tumor accumulation of phosphorothioate, phosphorodithioate, and methylphosphonate oligonucleotides in nude mice.Antisense & nucleic acid drug development, 7 2
A. Fire, Siqun Xu, M. Montgomery, S. Kostas, Samuel Driver, C. Mello (1998)
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Lianxing Zheng, Jun Liu, S. Batalov, Demin Zhou, A. Orth, Sheng Ding, P. Schultz (2003)
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A. Jackson, S. Bartz, Janell Schelter, Sumire Kobayashi, J. Burchard, M. Mao, Bin Li, G. Cavet, P. Linsley (2003)
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Karen Vasquez, L. Narayanan, Peter Glazer (2000)
Specific mutations induced by triplex-forming oligonucleotides in mice.Science, 290 5491
J. Jeong, S. Kim, T. Park (2003)
Novel intracellular delivery system of antisense oligonucleotide by self-assembled hybrid micelles composed of DNA/PEG conjugate and cationic fusogenic peptide.Bioconjugate chemistry, 14 2
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E. Kandimalla, L. Bhagat, Dong Yu, Y. Cong, Jimmy Tang, S. Agrawal (2002)
Conjugation of ligands at the 5'-end of CpG DNA affects immunostimulatory activity.Bioconjugate chemistry, 13 5
T. Chalaya, E. Gogvadze, A. Buzdin, Elena Kovalskaya, E. Sverdlov (2004)
Improving specificity of DNA hybridization-based methods.Nucleic acids research, 32 16
G. Carbone, E. McGuffie, S. Napoli, Courtney Flanagan, C. Dembech, Umberto Negri, F. Arcamone, M. Capobianco, C. Catapano (2004)
DNA binding and antigene activity of a daunomycin-conjugated triplex-forming oligonucleotide targeting the P2 promoter of the human c-myc gene.Nucleic acids research, 32 8
T. Abbas-Terki, W. Blanco-Bose, N. Déglon, W. Pralong, P. Aebischer (2002)
Lentiviral-mediated RNA interference.Human gene therapy, 13 18
Sayda Elbashir, Javier Martínez, Agnieszka Patkaniowska, Winfried Lendeckel, T. Tuschl (2001)
Functional anatomy of siRNAs for mediating efficient RNAi in Drosophila melanogaster embryo lysateThe EMBO Journal, 20
E. Zamaratski, P. Pradeepkumar, J. Chattopadhyaya (2001)
A critical survey of the structure-function of the antisense oligo/RNA heteroduplex as substrate for RNase H.Journal of biochemical and biophysical methods, 48 3
Marco Musso, Michael Dyke
Polyamine effects on purine- purine-pyrimidine triple helix fomation by phosphodiester and phosphorothioate oligodeoxyribonucleotides
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Comparison of antisense oligonucleotides and siRNAs in cell culture and in vivo.Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 296 4
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Redirection of drug metabolism using antisense technology.Current opinion in molecular therapeutics, 3 3
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Restoration of human beta-globin gene expression in murine and human IVS2-654 thalassemic erythroid cells by free uptake of antisense oligonucleotides.Molecular pharmacology, 62 3
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Role of RNase H in hybrid-arrested translation by antisense oligonucleotides.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 85 14
John Desjardins, John Mata, Tom Brown, Duncan Graham, Gerald Zon, Patrick Iversen (1995)
Cholesteryl-conjugated phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides modulate CYP2B1 expression in vivo.Journal of drug targeting, 2 6
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Oligonucleotide targeting to alveolar macrophages by mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis.Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1279 2
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V. Arora, Melissa Cate, C. Ghosh, P. Iversen (2002)
Phosphorodiamidate morpholino antisense oligomers inhibit expression of human cytochrome P450 3A4 and alter selected drug metabolism.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 30 7
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S. Crooke (2004)
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Vitravene--another piece in the mosaic.Antisense & nucleic acid drug development, 8 4
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Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, triplex-forming oligodeoxynucleotides and double-stranded small interfering RNAs have great potential for the treatment of many severe and debilitating diseases. Concerted efforts from both industry and academia have made significant progress in turning these nucleic acid drugs into therapeutics, and there is already one FDA-approved antisense drug in the clinic. Despite the success of one product and several other ongoing clinical trials, challenges still exist in their stability, cellular uptake, disposition, site-specific delivery and therapeutic efficacy. The principles, strategies and delivery consideration of these nucleic acids are reviewed. Furthermore, the ways to overcome the biological barriers are also discussed so that therapeutic concentrations at their target sites can be maintained for a desired period.
Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery – Taylor & Francis
Published: Jan 1, 2005
Keywords: antigene; antisense oligodeoxynucleotides; cellular uptake; nucleic acid delivery; phosphorothioates; RNA interference; siRNA; triple helix; triplex-forming oligodeoxynucleotides
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