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Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety and Depression: Beyond Heritability

Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety and Depression: Beyond Heritability REVIEW Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety and Depression: Beyond Heritability Sanja Franic´, M.Sc., Christel M. Middeldorp, M.D., Ph.D., Conor V. Dolan, Ph.D., Lannie Ligthart, M.Sc., Dorret I. Boomsma, Ph.D. Objective: To review the methodology of behavior genetics studies addressing research questions that go beyond simple heritability estimation and illustrate these using repre- sentative research on childhood and adolescent anxiety and depression. Method: The classic twin design and its extensions may be used to examine age and gender differences in the genetic determinants of complex traits and disorders, the role of genetic factors in explaining comorbidity, the interaction of genes and the environment, and the effect of social interaction among family members. An overview of the methods typically employed to address such questions is illustrated by a review of 34 recent studies on childhood anxiety and depression. Results: The review provides relatively consistent evidence for small to negligible sex differences in the genetic etiology of childhood anxiety and depression, a substantial role of genetic factors in accounting for the temporal stability of these disorders, a partly genetic basis of the comorbidity between anxiety and depression, a possible role of the interaction between genotype and the environment in affecting liability to these http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Wolters Kluwer Health

Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety and Depression: Beyond Heritability

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References (69)

Copyright
© 2010 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
ISSN
0890-8567
DOI
10.1016/j.jaac.2010.05.013
pmid
20643315
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

REVIEW Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety and Depression: Beyond Heritability Sanja Franic´, M.Sc., Christel M. Middeldorp, M.D., Ph.D., Conor V. Dolan, Ph.D., Lannie Ligthart, M.Sc., Dorret I. Boomsma, Ph.D. Objective: To review the methodology of behavior genetics studies addressing research questions that go beyond simple heritability estimation and illustrate these using repre- sentative research on childhood and adolescent anxiety and depression. Method: The classic twin design and its extensions may be used to examine age and gender differences in the genetic determinants of complex traits and disorders, the role of genetic factors in explaining comorbidity, the interaction of genes and the environment, and the effect of social interaction among family members. An overview of the methods typically employed to address such questions is illustrated by a review of 34 recent studies on childhood anxiety and depression. Results: The review provides relatively consistent evidence for small to negligible sex differences in the genetic etiology of childhood anxiety and depression, a substantial role of genetic factors in accounting for the temporal stability of these disorders, a partly genetic basis of the comorbidity between anxiety and depression, a possible role of the interaction between genotype and the environment in affecting liability to these

Journal

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent PsychiatryWolters Kluwer Health

Published: Aug 1, 2010

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