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Freedom and Violence1

Freedom and Violence1 Freedom and Violencel MARVIN E. WOLFGANG University of Pennsylvania external (socio-cultural) forces to y task is ambitious and ar­ sophically technical sense, that we rogant: to speak of the rela­ produce the behavior of individuals make choices by dint of individual tionship between freedom and vio­ or groups of individuals. This as­ will. What I suggest is that freedom lence. It is ambitious because each sertion is the antithesis of free will. is to be associated with the number topic separately considered is too It claims that we do not choose to of stimuli presented to the individ­ be born, to have cancer, to be crim­ broad for the brevity I must employ ual. When a "choice" is made, when and arrogant because the finest inal or violent. If we knew every­ a given act is performed, it results minds of Western civilization — thing about anyone we could pre­ from the dominant influence of a Plato, Socrates, Aristotle, Hobbes, dict behavior. But much of what given set of forces that pull or pro­ Montesquieu, Locke, Rousseau, exists for anyone is unknown or un­ pel a personality also molded by knowable to others. Where, then, is Mill, Hegel, Kant, http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Educational Researcher SAGE

Freedom and Violence1

WOLFGANG, MARVIN E.
Educational Researcher , Volume 5 (5): 4 – May 1, 1976
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References (10)

Publisher
SAGE
Copyright
Copyright © by SAGE Publications
ISSN
0013-189X
eISSN
1935-102X
DOI
10.3102/0013189X005005007
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Freedom and Violencel MARVIN E. WOLFGANG University of Pennsylvania external (socio-cultural) forces to y task is ambitious and ar­ sophically technical sense, that we rogant: to speak of the rela­ produce the behavior of individuals make choices by dint of individual tionship between freedom and vio­ or groups of individuals. This as­ will. What I suggest is that freedom lence. It is ambitious because each sertion is the antithesis of free will. is to be associated with the number topic separately considered is too It claims that we do not choose to of stimuli presented to the individ­ be born, to have cancer, to be crim­ broad for the brevity I must employ ual. When a "choice" is made, when and arrogant because the finest inal or violent. If we knew every­ a given act is performed, it results minds of Western civilization — thing about anyone we could pre­ from the dominant influence of a Plato, Socrates, Aristotle, Hobbes, dict behavior. But much of what given set of forces that pull or pro­ Montesquieu, Locke, Rousseau, exists for anyone is unknown or un­ pel a personality also molded by knowable to others. Where, then, is Mill, Hegel, Kant,

Journal

Educational Researcher – SAGE

Published: May 1, 1976

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