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Xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase Activity Loosens a Plant Cell Wall

Xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase Activity Loosens a Plant Cell Wall Background and AimsPlant cells undergo cell expansion when a temporary imbalance between the hydraulic pressure of the vacuole and the extensibility of the cell wall makes the cell volume increase dramatically. The primary cell walls of most seed plants consist of cellulose microfibrils tethered mainly by xyloglucans and embedded in a highly hydrated pectin matrix. During cell expansion the wall stress is decreased by the highly controlled rearrangement of the load-bearing tethers in the wall so that the microfibrils can move relative to each other. Here the effect was studied of a purified recombinant xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) on the extension of isolated cell walls.MethodsThe epidermis of growing onion (Allium cepa) bulb scales is a one-cell-thick model tissue that is structurally and mechanically highly anisotropic. In constant load experiments, the effect of purified recombinant XTH proteins of Selaginella kraussiana on the extension of isolated onion epidermis was recorded.Key ResultsFluorescent xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) assays demonstrate that exogeneous XTH can act on isolated onion epidermis cell walls. Furthermore, cell wall extension was significantly increased upon addition of XTH to the isolated epidermis, but only transverse to the net orientation of cellulose microfibrils.ConclusionsThe results provide evidence that XTHs can act as cell wall-loosening enzymes. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annals of Botany Oxford University Press

Xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase Activity Loosens a Plant Cell Wall

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References (51)

Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
© Published by Oxford University Press.
Subject
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
ISSN
0305-7364
eISSN
1095-8290
DOI
10.1093/aob/mcm248
pmid
17916584
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Background and AimsPlant cells undergo cell expansion when a temporary imbalance between the hydraulic pressure of the vacuole and the extensibility of the cell wall makes the cell volume increase dramatically. The primary cell walls of most seed plants consist of cellulose microfibrils tethered mainly by xyloglucans and embedded in a highly hydrated pectin matrix. During cell expansion the wall stress is decreased by the highly controlled rearrangement of the load-bearing tethers in the wall so that the microfibrils can move relative to each other. Here the effect was studied of a purified recombinant xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) on the extension of isolated cell walls.MethodsThe epidermis of growing onion (Allium cepa) bulb scales is a one-cell-thick model tissue that is structurally and mechanically highly anisotropic. In constant load experiments, the effect of purified recombinant XTH proteins of Selaginella kraussiana on the extension of isolated onion epidermis was recorded.Key ResultsFluorescent xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) assays demonstrate that exogeneous XTH can act on isolated onion epidermis cell walls. Furthermore, cell wall extension was significantly increased upon addition of XTH to the isolated epidermis, but only transverse to the net orientation of cellulose microfibrils.ConclusionsThe results provide evidence that XTHs can act as cell wall-loosening enzymes.

Journal

Annals of Botany – Oxford University Press

Published: Dec 4, 2007

Keywords: Key words XTH XET activity primary cell wall xyloglucan cellulose microfibrils cellulose orientation cell expansion cell wall loosening extensiometry onion ( Allium cepa ) Selaginella kraussiana

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