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Boore (2008)
Cholera and other Vibrioses
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Copyright
- The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].
- Subject
- AFRICHOL - THE CHOLERA SURVEILLANCE NETWORK IN NINE SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES
- ISSN
- 0022-1899
- eISSN
- 1537-6613
- DOI
- 10.1093/infdis/jit200
- pmid
- 24101643
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Background.A total of 720 Vibrio cholerae O1 strains were recovered for investigation from an outbreak of cholera in South Africa between November 2008 and April 2009.Methods.Strains were characterized by serotype testing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Genetic diversity of 248 strains was investigated using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Extended characterization was performed on 90 strains. Molecular analysis included: polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification of ctxA and tcpA genes, sequencing the ctxAB gene, and investigation of molecular mechanisms conferring antimicrobial resistance.Results.The majority of strains were characterized as serotype Ogawa. Strains showed multidrug resistance. Approximately 1.0 of strains displayed extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL) activity. Strains showed very similar PFGE patterns. Ninety strains selected for extended characterization showed the following results: Strains possessed the cholera toxin (CT) and all were PCR positive for the tcpA-El Tor variant. Sequencing of the ctxB gene matched the B-1 allele. Strains harbored the SXT element. Strains that displayed ESBL activity possessed a 140-kilobase-pair plasmid that produced the TEM-63 -lactamase. Nalidixic acidresistant strains harbored mutations in GyrA (Ser83-Ile) and ParC (Ser85-Leu).Conclusions.These data highlight the rapid development of antimicrobial resistance and spread of V. cholerae O1 El Tor variants expressing the classical CT within South Africa.
Journal
The Journal of Infectious Diseases – Oxford University Press
Published: Nov 1, 2013
Keywords: cholera outbreak classical cholera toxin multidrug-resistant South Africa SXT element TEM-63 ॆ-lactamase Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor variant