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Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 is responsible for macrophage recruitment following injury to sciatic nerve

Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 is responsible for macrophage recruitment following injury to... Following injury to the peripheral nervous system, circulating monocytes/macrophages are recruited to the damaged tissue, where they play vital roles during both nerve degeneration and subsequent regeneration. Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), a member of the C‐C or β‐chemokine family, is a powerful leukocyte recruitment/activation factor that is relatively specific for monocytes/macrophages. Because these are the predominant leukocyte type recruited by injured nerve, we hypothesized that up‐regulation of MCP‐1 expression is involved in recruitment of these cells. Indeed, assay of steady‐state levels of MCP‐1 mRNA in rat sciatic nerve during tellurium‐induced primary demyelination indicated up‐regulation of this chemokine with a peak after 3 days of tellurium exposure, preceding the peak of accumulation of phagocytic macrophages (assayed as lysozyme mRNA levels) by 6 days. Increasing levels of MCP‐1 mRNA expression, induced by increasing levels of tellurium exposure, resulted in corresponding increases in subsequent recruitment of macrophages. In situ hybridization suggested that MCP‐1 mRNA was localized in Schwann cells. No expression of MIP‐2, which is a C‐X‐C or α‐chemokine that is specific for recruitment of neutrophils, was detected, consistent with the lack of recruitment of significant numbers of these cells. In addition, we also investigated the response seen following nerve transection (axonal degeneration and secondary demyelination with no subsequent regeneration) and nerve crush (degeneration followed by regeneration). In these latter two nerve injury models, there was also a marked, early up‐regulation of MCP‐1 mRNA, with a time course that is compatible with a role for this chemokine in macrophage recruitment. We conclude that MCP‐1 is involved in recruiting monocytes/macrophages to injured peripheral nerve and that the specificity of leukocyte types recruited results from specificity of chemokine production. J. Neurosci. Res. 53:260–267, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Neuroscience Research Wiley

Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 is responsible for macrophage recruitment following injury to sciatic nerve

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References (42)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ISSN
0360-4012
eISSN
1097-4547
DOI
10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980715)53:2<260::AID-JNR15>3.0.CO;2-A
pmid
9671983
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Following injury to the peripheral nervous system, circulating monocytes/macrophages are recruited to the damaged tissue, where they play vital roles during both nerve degeneration and subsequent regeneration. Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), a member of the C‐C or β‐chemokine family, is a powerful leukocyte recruitment/activation factor that is relatively specific for monocytes/macrophages. Because these are the predominant leukocyte type recruited by injured nerve, we hypothesized that up‐regulation of MCP‐1 expression is involved in recruitment of these cells. Indeed, assay of steady‐state levels of MCP‐1 mRNA in rat sciatic nerve during tellurium‐induced primary demyelination indicated up‐regulation of this chemokine with a peak after 3 days of tellurium exposure, preceding the peak of accumulation of phagocytic macrophages (assayed as lysozyme mRNA levels) by 6 days. Increasing levels of MCP‐1 mRNA expression, induced by increasing levels of tellurium exposure, resulted in corresponding increases in subsequent recruitment of macrophages. In situ hybridization suggested that MCP‐1 mRNA was localized in Schwann cells. No expression of MIP‐2, which is a C‐X‐C or α‐chemokine that is specific for recruitment of neutrophils, was detected, consistent with the lack of recruitment of significant numbers of these cells. In addition, we also investigated the response seen following nerve transection (axonal degeneration and secondary demyelination with no subsequent regeneration) and nerve crush (degeneration followed by regeneration). In these latter two nerve injury models, there was also a marked, early up‐regulation of MCP‐1 mRNA, with a time course that is compatible with a role for this chemokine in macrophage recruitment. We conclude that MCP‐1 is involved in recruiting monocytes/macrophages to injured peripheral nerve and that the specificity of leukocyte types recruited results from specificity of chemokine production. J. Neurosci. Res. 53:260–267, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Journal

Journal of Neuroscience Research – Wiley

Published: Jul 15, 1998

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