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Biochemistry of Acetate Catabolism in Anaerobic Chemotrophic Bacteria

Biochemistry of Acetate Catabolism in Anaerobic Chemotrophic Bacteria Anaerobic chemotrophic bacteria in marine and fresh water sediments have an important role in the remineralization of organic matter (96, 167). Large amounts of plant, animal, and microbial material settle each year to the 0066-4227/89/1001-0043$02.00 THAUER, MOLLER-ZINKHAN & SPORMANN bottom of rivers, lakes, seas, and oceans and are metabolized there under anoxic conditions. In marine sediments degradable organic compounds are oxidized to CO2. Here, in distinct zones, N03", Fe3+, Mn4+, So, S205-, SOi-, CO2, and H+ rather than O2 serve as electron acceptors (59, 60). Sulfate reduction accounts for more than 50% of the mineralization (58). In freshwater sediments degradable organic compounds are converted to CO2 and CH4. Here, CO2 and H+ are the major terminal electron acceptors (24, 96, 167). Many of the microorganisms in anaerobic sediments can degrade organic compounds only to the oxidation level of acetate. Even Escherichia coli can oxidize acetate to CO2 only with O2 rather than with nitrate or any other terminal electron acceptor (52, 98). Acetic acid does not accumulate in the sediments, however, because of anaerobic chemotrophic bacteria that readily catabolize this compound either to CO2 or to CO2 plus CH4 (e.g. 124, 161). The mechanisms by which acetate is http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Microbiology Annual Reviews

Biochemistry of Acetate Catabolism in Anaerobic Chemotrophic Bacteria

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Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright 1989 Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
Subject
Review Articles
ISSN
0066-4227
eISSN
1545-3251
DOI
10.1146/annurev.mi.43.100189.000355
pmid
2679359
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Anaerobic chemotrophic bacteria in marine and fresh water sediments have an important role in the remineralization of organic matter (96, 167). Large amounts of plant, animal, and microbial material settle each year to the 0066-4227/89/1001-0043$02.00 THAUER, MOLLER-ZINKHAN & SPORMANN bottom of rivers, lakes, seas, and oceans and are metabolized there under anoxic conditions. In marine sediments degradable organic compounds are oxidized to CO2. Here, in distinct zones, N03", Fe3+, Mn4+, So, S205-, SOi-, CO2, and H+ rather than O2 serve as electron acceptors (59, 60). Sulfate reduction accounts for more than 50% of the mineralization (58). In freshwater sediments degradable organic compounds are converted to CO2 and CH4. Here, CO2 and H+ are the major terminal electron acceptors (24, 96, 167). Many of the microorganisms in anaerobic sediments can degrade organic compounds only to the oxidation level of acetate. Even Escherichia coli can oxidize acetate to CO2 only with O2 rather than with nitrate or any other terminal electron acceptor (52, 98). Acetic acid does not accumulate in the sediments, however, because of anaerobic chemotrophic bacteria that readily catabolize this compound either to CO2 or to CO2 plus CH4 (e.g. 124, 161). The mechanisms by which acetate is

Journal

Annual Review of Microbiology – Annual Reviews

Published: Oct 1, 1989

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