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Pea Xyloglucan and Cellulose I. Macromolecular Organization

Pea Xyloglucan and Cellulose I. Macromolecular Organization Abstract A macromolecular complex composed of xyloglucan and cellulose was obtained from elongating regions of etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska) stems. Xyloglucan could be solubilized by extraction of this complex with 24% KOH-0.1% NaBH4 or by extended treatment with endo-1,4-β-glucanase. The polysaccharide was homogeneous by ultracentrifugal analysis and gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B, molecular weight 330,000. The structure of pea xyloglucan was examined by fragmentation analysis of enzymic hydrolysates, methylation analysis, and precipitation tests with fucose- or galactose-binding lectins. The polysaccharide was composed of equal amounts of two subunits, a nonasaccharide (glucose/xylose/galactose/fucose, 4:3:1:1) and a heptasaccharide (glucose/xylose, 4:3), which appeared to be distributed at random, but primarily in alternating sequence. The xyloglucan:cellulose complex was examined by light microscopy using iodine staining, by radioautography after labeling with [3H]fucose, by fluorescence microscopy using a fluorescein-lectin (fucose-binding) as probe, and by electron microscopy after shadowing. The techniques all demonstrated that the macromolecule was present in files of cell shapes, referred to here as cell-wall `ghosts,' in which xyloglucan was localized both on and between the cellulose microfibrils. Since the average chain length of pea xyloglucan was many times the diameter of cellulose microfibrils, it could introduce cross-links by binding to adjacent fibrils and thereby contribute rigidity to the wall. 2 Current address: ARCO Plant Cell Research Institute, Dublin CA 94566. 1 Supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and le Programme des Formation de Chercheurs et d'Action Concertee du Quebec. This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 American Society of Plant Biologists This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model) http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Plant Physiology Oxford University Press

Pea Xyloglucan and Cellulose I. Macromolecular Organization

Hayashi, Takahisa; Maclachlan, Gordon
Plant Physiology , Volume 75 (3) – Jul 1, 1984
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References (39)

Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
Copyright © 2021 American Society of Plant Biologists
ISSN
0032-0889
eISSN
1532-2548
DOI
10.1104/pp.75.3.596
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Abstract

Abstract A macromolecular complex composed of xyloglucan and cellulose was obtained from elongating regions of etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska) stems. Xyloglucan could be solubilized by extraction of this complex with 24% KOH-0.1% NaBH4 or by extended treatment with endo-1,4-β-glucanase. The polysaccharide was homogeneous by ultracentrifugal analysis and gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B, molecular weight 330,000. The structure of pea xyloglucan was examined by fragmentation analysis of enzymic hydrolysates, methylation analysis, and precipitation tests with fucose- or galactose-binding lectins. The polysaccharide was composed of equal amounts of two subunits, a nonasaccharide (glucose/xylose/galactose/fucose, 4:3:1:1) and a heptasaccharide (glucose/xylose, 4:3), which appeared to be distributed at random, but primarily in alternating sequence. The xyloglucan:cellulose complex was examined by light microscopy using iodine staining, by radioautography after labeling with [3H]fucose, by fluorescence microscopy using a fluorescein-lectin (fucose-binding) as probe, and by electron microscopy after shadowing. The techniques all demonstrated that the macromolecule was present in files of cell shapes, referred to here as cell-wall `ghosts,' in which xyloglucan was localized both on and between the cellulose microfibrils. Since the average chain length of pea xyloglucan was many times the diameter of cellulose microfibrils, it could introduce cross-links by binding to adjacent fibrils and thereby contribute rigidity to the wall. 2 Current address: ARCO Plant Cell Research Institute, Dublin CA 94566. 1 Supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and le Programme des Formation de Chercheurs et d'Action Concertee du Quebec. This content is only available as a PDF. © 1984 American Society of Plant Biologists This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)

Journal

Plant Physiology – Oxford University Press

Published: Jul 1, 1984

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