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Cholera Surveillance in Uganda: An Analysis of Notifications for the Years 20072011

Cholera Surveillance in Uganda: An Analysis of Notifications for the Years 20072011 Introduction.Cholera outbreaks have occurred periodically in Uganda since 1971. The country has experienced intervals of sporadic cases and localized outbreaks, occasionally resulting in prolonged widespread epidemics.Methods.Cholera surveillance data reported to the Uganda Ministry of Health from 2007 through 2011 were reviewed to determine trends in annual incidence and case fatality rate. Demographic characteristics of cholera cases were analyzed from the national line list for 2011. Cases were analyzed by district and month of report to understand the geographic distribution and identify any seasonal patterns of disease occurrence.Results.From 2007 through 2011, Uganda registered a total of 7615 cholera cases with 181 deaths (case fatality rate 2.4). The absolute number of cases and incidence per 100 000 varied from year to year with the highest incidence occurring in 2008 following heavy rainfall and flooding in eastern Uganda. For 2011, cholera cases occurred in 1.6 times more males than females. The geographical areas affected by the outbreaks shifted each year, with the exception of a few endemic districts. No clear seasonal trends in cholera occurrence were identified for this time period.Conclusions.We observed an overall decline in cases reported during the 5 years under review. During this period, concerted efforts were made by the Ugandan government and development partners to educate communities on proper sanitation and hygiene and provide safe water and timely treatment. Mechanisms to ensure timely and complete cholera surveillance data are reported to the national level should continue to be strengthened. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png The Journal of Infectious Diseases Oxford University Press

Cholera Surveillance in Uganda: An Analysis of Notifications for the Years 20072011

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References (20)

Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].
Subject
AFRICHOL - THE CHOLERA SURVEILLANCE NETWORK IN NINE SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES
ISSN
0022-1899
eISSN
1537-6613
DOI
10.1093/infdis/jit203
pmid
24101649
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Introduction.Cholera outbreaks have occurred periodically in Uganda since 1971. The country has experienced intervals of sporadic cases and localized outbreaks, occasionally resulting in prolonged widespread epidemics.Methods.Cholera surveillance data reported to the Uganda Ministry of Health from 2007 through 2011 were reviewed to determine trends in annual incidence and case fatality rate. Demographic characteristics of cholera cases were analyzed from the national line list for 2011. Cases were analyzed by district and month of report to understand the geographic distribution and identify any seasonal patterns of disease occurrence.Results.From 2007 through 2011, Uganda registered a total of 7615 cholera cases with 181 deaths (case fatality rate 2.4). The absolute number of cases and incidence per 100 000 varied from year to year with the highest incidence occurring in 2008 following heavy rainfall and flooding in eastern Uganda. For 2011, cholera cases occurred in 1.6 times more males than females. The geographical areas affected by the outbreaks shifted each year, with the exception of a few endemic districts. No clear seasonal trends in cholera occurrence were identified for this time period.Conclusions.We observed an overall decline in cases reported during the 5 years under review. During this period, concerted efforts were made by the Ugandan government and development partners to educate communities on proper sanitation and hygiene and provide safe water and timely treatment. Mechanisms to ensure timely and complete cholera surveillance data are reported to the national level should continue to be strengthened.

Journal

The Journal of Infectious Diseases – Oxford University Press

Published: Nov 1, 2013

Keywords: Africa cholera epidemic epidemiology Uganda surveillance Vibrio cholerae

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